Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer's disease overview

Endometrial cancer (scientific name is Endometrial Cancer) is a gynecological cancer that is becoming increasingly popular among women. In this form of cancer, cells from endometrium (the thin film inside the uterus wall) will divide and develop continuously, spreading to surrounding tissues, forming malignant tumors. and lead to death for patients.

Causes of Endometrial cancer's disease

Currently scientists still do not know the exact cause of endometrial cancer. But there are some risk factors determined to be closely related to this type of cancer.

Hormone imbalance

This is an important role in the formation of endometrial cancer.

In women, before menopause, the ovaries are the main source of production for two hormones, estrogen and progesterone. The balance between these two hormones changes each month according to the menstrual cycle and helps the endometrium to be healthy. When estrogen levels increase, it will stimulate the proliferation of endometrial cells, increasing the risk of cancer.

The following are some factors that lead to changing estrogen levels:

Replace hormonal treatment or postmenopausal hormone: A therapy used with the main ingredient of estrogen to treat symptoms that occur during menopause in the menopause in the period in women. Patients will increase the risk of endometrial cancer when treated with this method with high doses for a long time. Therefore, experts recommend that patients should go to health facilities periodically. If there are any abnormal signs related to vaginal bleeding, patients should see a doctor immediately.

Ovarian polycystic: Patients with polycystic syndrome have abnormal hormones with high ratio of androgen hormone (men's hormone) and estrogen while low progesterone levels are low . This increases the risk of endometrial cancer. obesity: estrogen is partially synthesized from adipose tissue. The amount of fat in the body leads to large amounts of estrogen, which makes people obese at risk of endometrial cancer 2-4 times higher than normal women. Family history, genetic factors

genetic factors contribute 2-10% of cases of endometrial cancer. Women with Lynch syndrome (genetic colorectal cancer due to polyps) have 40-60% of the risk of endometrial cancer. The gene mutation causes this syndrome is usually inherited from mother to child.

Other factors

tamoxifen used in the treatment of breast cancer also increases the risk of endometrial cancer because this substance has the effect of endometrial proliferation, similar to estrogen.

Early puberty (before 12 years old) or late menopause (after 55 years of age) also increases the risk of endometrial cancer.

Besides, women who have never been pregnant are also at high risk of endometrial cancer.

Type 2 diabetes: The rate of endometrial cancer is twice as high as women with diabetes type 2.

High age also increases the risk of endometrial cancer.

Symptoms of Endometrial cancer's disease

The manifestation of endometrial cancer includes:

Abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most common manifestation in patients with endometrial cancer. The manifestation may be menstrual disorders, hemorrhage between cycles or postmenopausal bleeding.

Abnormal vaginal discharge: In normal state, the vaginal discharge is transparent color like milk, slightly dense or clear, sticky like egg white, little and no flow go out. When the vaginal fluid secretes a lot, has an abnormal color, accompanied by odors, especially after menopause, this is one of the warnings of endometrial risk of endometrial cancer.

Pain regularly or feel tumor appears in the hip pelvic area: This manifestation usually appears at the later stage of cancer, when the tumor has grown and pinched and pinched tissues around the pelvic area.

Distorted habits, disturbed urination: the bladder can be pinched when the tumor appears in the endometrium. This causes patients to have problems related to urination. The common manifestations are urination, urinary retention, blood in urine.

Abnormal weight loss of unknown cause.

Pain during sex.

Although the above manifestations can be caused by many other non -cancer causes, experts recommend going to medical facilities to check if one is expensive. In the above signs.

People at risk for Endometrial cancer's disease

With the above risk factors, the object is likely to have endometrial cancer including:

Women over 60 years old.

Women in families with mothers, sisters with cervical cancer or genetic diseases such as Lynch syndrome, Cowden syndrome.

Patients who used tamoxifen, hormone therapy instead.

Prevention of Endometrial cancer's disease

Periodic gynecological examination.

Meet a doctor for advice on the risk of hormones instead.

Maintain weight in accordance with the BMI (Body Mass Index), not to be obese.

Exercise regularly: Try to have physical activity at least 30 minutes a day.

Diagnostic measures for Endometrial cancer's disease

The disease is usually diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Depending on the clinical symptoms of the patient, the doctor may prescribe the following measures to diagnose endometrial cancer:

Ultrasound: Helps assess the thickness and structure of the uterine mucosa.

Endoscopy of the uterus: This method helps early diagnosis of endometrial lesions.

Endometrial biopsy: Use a tissue sampling procedure for testing. From the test results can be diagnosed with cancer, too much and some other diseases.

Testing using cancer marker: Ca 125 (Cancer Antigen 125) is a form of protein in the blood that is often used to diagnose cancer. In patients with endometrial cancer, the concentration of Ca 125 will increase.

Vaginal tissue testing from vaginal cells helps determine the differentiation and invasive blood vessels of cancer cells.

Pap smear test, also known as uterine cell spread: The cell flakes from the endometrium is separated, dyeing and examining under a microscope. This method helps to find abnormal cells, pre -cancer and cancer cells.

Computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, PET-CT photography to assess the level of invasion, metastatic status of tumors as well as progression of cancer. P>

Endometrial cancer's disease treatments

Depending on the health and stage of the disease, doctors will decide the appropriate treatment for endometrial cancer . Here are common treatments:

Surgery to remove uterus and ovaries on both sides: is the main and classic treatment method.

Radiation therapy: Use large -energy beams to kill cancer cells. This method is used as a supplementary therapy for surgery. Radiation therapy can be used for radiation or radiation.

External radiation: Using a large ray transmitter outside the body to the treatment area.

in: Use a small tube containing radioactive substances into the vagina.

Chemotherapy: Use chemicals to kill cancer cells. At the late stage of cancer, chemotherapy can slow down and help patients prolong life.

Hormone therapy: Use drugs to prevent cancer cells from exposed to hormones that they need for growth. The commonly used drug is progestin. When cancer metastasizes far, therapy with progestin can repel the disease in about 33% of cases. This method is usually indicated for patients who cannot have surgery, metastasized or relapsed after treatment.

In addition, Vinmec has applied stem cell therapy to help strengthen the immune system itself, improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment, including endometrial cancer. . Find out information about self -immunotherapy at Vinmec here.

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Drugslib.com is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Drugslib.com information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Drugslib.com does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Drugslib.com's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Drugslib.com's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners.

The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugslib.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Drugslib.com provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.