Eye

Eye's disease overview

What is

What is tuberculosis in the eye? 

In 1889, 7 years after Robert Koch announced finding the culprit causing tuberculosis, Haab found this bacterium from eye damage. In 1937, Guenod discovered tuberculosis damage in the structures of the eye, especially in the dug in the patient of tuberculosis. Although the eye is classified as a rare tuberculosis, according to many researchers, this disease is more common than people think.

From the fluid that patients coughed out, tuberculosis bacteria can go into the eyes of healthy people easily like a dust, causing disease in many eye organizations such as eyelashes, muscles, uve ...

Is eye tuberculosis dangerous?

TB lesions may appear in any structure of the eye. First of all, the tuberculosis is infected. This is a disease caused by the first penetration of the body of tuberculosis bacteria through the eye of the eye mucosa. 

Eye tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose, so it is often late for treatment when the lesions spread can lead to blurred vision, blindness, a dangerous disease that seriously affects the quality of life. P>

If tuberculosis diagnosis is relatively easy, the diagnosis of the eye is very difficult because it is easy to mistake for other eye diseases. Therefore, when treating inflammatory diseases with antibiotics does not have good results, we should immediately think of the cause of tuberculosis.

Eye tuberculosis is an in -lung Mycobacterial infection with different manifestations. The rate of reporting on the participation of the eye changes significantly, depending on the criteria used for diagnosis and the population is sampled. However, tuberculosis is thought to affect the lungs in 80% of patients, the remaining 20% ​​are affected in other organs, such as the eyes. Doctors are required to consider this diagnosis in their distinctions, as eye tuberculosis may appear in the same way as more common conditions that cause eye inflammation. In addition, timely recognition of clinical signs and symptoms leads to faster tuberculosis treatment.

Causes of Eye's disease

mainly due to labor

  • The most common cause is human tuberculium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) is aerobic bacteria. A anti -alcoholic anti -alcoholic bacilli, not destroyed by acid and alcohol at other bacteria, long -lasting in the air.
  • Bacteria and tuberculosis are not typical, which is also a cause of pleural tuberculosis but rarer

    • From the fluid that the patient coughs up, tuberculosis can go into the eyes of healthy people as easily as a dust, causing disease in many eye organizations such as skin. eyelashes, concentration, uve ...

    Symptoms of Eye's disease

    Lesions usually on the upper or lower lashes, the same area. The patient has a scene of conjunctivitis: swelling, swelling, watery eyes, a lot. Examining conjunctiva conjunctiva, with yellow or ulcers. Lymph nodes in front of the ears are swollen. It is a preliminary complex in the eye.

    Other tuberculosis lesions:

  • TB skin: are the forms of tuberculosis in the eyelids. Usually the basic lesions are: nodules, roughness, scales or ulcers ... The progression of long -term disease causes scarring, pulling eyelashes, eyelashes and spreading into the eyeball.
  • Connect conjunctiva: Patients with symptoms of aches and pains, eyes, tears, examination of congestion, small yellow spots or ulcers. The ulcers stick together into larger ulcers, the edge of the surrounding or fake surrounding ulcer, with many new blood vessels.
  • corneal tuberculosis: usually only one eye is sick. Eyes suffer from pain, watery eyes, fear of light, reduced vision. Seeing the cornea is smuggled, erect, with small yellow spots or ulcers; There are blood vessels crawling in.
  • Eythithmic tuberculosis: Idai is divided into two parts: the iris of the eyelashes in the front, the darkness at the back. If the eyelash tuberculosis, the patient shows signs of soreness, pain increases when pressing into the eyes, reducing vision. Soi found in the iris has yellow or gray nodules and ulcers. Long -term illness causes scarring, adhesive makes the pupils distorted and loss of elastic reflexes when illuminating the light ... can detect tu tumors in the corner of the room.
  • retina: Depending on the location and severity of the injury, the patient has symptoms: Reduction of vision, narrowing the market, seeing black spots or blurring as through A mist.
  • Spider film and visual interference: is one of the signs of meningeal tuberculosis. Patients with vision loss, not visible on one side (semi -manh), seeing black holes in the middle of the market or completely blind. Looking at the bottom of the eye, seeing the thorns or atrophy into the tuberculosis ...
  • Acute eye inflammation: This is an abscess due to tuberculosis destruction of the entire eyeball. Patients with eye pain, gradually lost their ability to see. Examining the whole eyeball is opaque white. If the abscess broke, the eye pit will ulcer, red, yellow water, the bottom of the hole has pus or fake.
  • Diverse eye damage. It is necessary to carefully distinguish it from other eye inflammation or think of the eye if treated properly.
  • Symptoms of tuberculosis: dry cough and mild fever, fatigue, weight loss, night sweating, shortness of breath, chest tightness if accompanied by tuberculosis or pleural tuberculosis

    • People at risk for Eye's disease

  • Eyes developed in people where the immune system is impaired. When bacteria rush into the body, it can sleep every year, then damage the body. Children, adults, if the immune system is weak (people with AIDS, who are taking chemotherapy, the person after the organ transplant is taking anti -waste drugs ...). The risk of eye tuberculosis is higher

    • Higher risk if we are exposed to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis regularly or live in polluted environment, eat lack of nutrients, abstain, especially patients with AFB phlegm. positive

  • Use greasy drugs with tuberculosis.
  • Children must not be vaccinated in BCG.
  • Children with tuberculosis but are detected late, improper treatment.

    • Prevention of Eye's disease

  • BCG vaccine should be vaccinated to prevent pleural tuberculosis for young children, especially children under 1 year of age.

    • If there are symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied by eye symptoms, it is necessary to immediately go to medical facilities or hospitals for accurate conclusions and appropriate treatment. >

  • Hygiene of accommodation: Cool enough sunlight.
  • Annual health examination with lung X -ray. Monitor HIV/AIDS subjects, smoking addicts.

    • Diagnostic measures for Eye's disease

    If tuberculosis diagnosis is relatively easy, the diagnosis of TB eye is difficult because it is easy to mistake for other eye diseases. Therefore, when treating inflammatory diseases with antibiotics does not have good results, we should immediately think of the cause of tuberculosis.

    It can be said that most parts of the eye can get tuberculosis, except for the lens because the lens does not have blood vessels.

    Diagnosis is based on outstanding clinical symptoms such as:

  • Conjunctivitis: usually only conjunctivitis in one eye. Red conjunctiva, little lamp, watery.
  • Malaritis: usually only seen on one eye. Visuality is greatly reduced if the middle of the inflammation.
  • Perfect inflammation: We see red spots, localized right on the edge. Treatment with anti -inflammatory ibuprofen, indomethacin.
  • Gasmearing neuritis: Not caused by tuberculosis, but due to ethambutol remedy, the vision is reduced. If the drug is stopped, the vision will recover.

    • Tests need to do

  • Blood formula;
  • Bloody velocity;
  • Test tuberculin (positive if the diameter is over 5mm).
  • Lung X -ray detects damage if tuberculosis, pleural tuberculosis coordinated
  • PCR (Polymerse - Chain - Reaction) with the development of diagnostic and diagnostic biological biological techniques based on DNA detection of bacteria through PCR has become a PCR. The method is selected. There were also reports on testing for tuberculosis antigen, such as umbilical antigen, through immunosuppressive testing associated with enzymes. PCR gives much faster results than bacterial culture, may take a few weeks for positive results. DNA DNA discovered that Mycobacterial has been successful with many types of non -cell tissues. Over the past decade, there have been a number of PCR reports used to detect tuberculosis in a variety of eye tissue, including eyelid skin, conjunctiva, water fluid and lens fluid, fixed chamber tissue. , epidural secretion and epithelium. Is a very valuable test to diagnose eye tuberculosis.

    • Eye's disease treatments

    Principle of treatment: According to the principle of tuberculosis chemotherapy

  • Combining anti -tuberculosis drugs

    • Take the right dose of the drug

    Take medication regularly

  • Take the medication enough time in 2 stages of attack and maintenance

    • Other supportive treatment:

  • Local painkillers

    • Depending on the specific disease, there are different treatments.

  • eye hygiene with physiological saline
  • Wearing eye protection devices like glasses
  • Avoid exposure to the environment with lots of dust, strong light
  • Do not go swimming, do not leave detergents, shampoo into the eyes.

    • Once the diagnosis of eye tuberculosis is done, the anti -tuberculosis treatment should be started immediately. Successfully treating the whole body in most cases, with the resolution of symptoms, inflammation and often improving vision to the point of approaching the amount of absorption. However, cases are reported in which traditional therapies do not solve eye infections. In one case, a dicatoma does not respond to chemotherapy, and eventually the eyes are blind and painful, requiring propagation of anti -anti -drugs of Mycobacteria to increase to respond to chemotherapy for chemotherapy Inadequate should also be noted for patients who do not respond to anti -infection therapy.

    Any patient with clinical images is very doubtful of eye tuberculosis, so it is treated with effective multi -drug regimen. Because pulmonary infections and other infections can coexist, the main treatment must always be systematically. The eye penetration of these drugs varies, and the additional treatment may be useful in patients with external diseases.

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