Foolish

Foolish's disease overview

What is

rabies?

rabies is an acute virus infection of the central nervous system from animals to humans because of the secretion, usually saliva contaminated with rabies virus. Most cases of rabies exposure through bite, licking of animals rabies (usually dogs, cats, monkeys ...), can sometimes be infected through The contact line is like inhalation of aerosol or a new organization that is infected with rabies viruses. Once foolish, including animals and people 100% lead to death.

Symptoms usually start 2-8 weeks after being bitten by animals. Symptoms include fever, headache, weakness, paralysis, muscle spasms, difficult swallowing, convulsions. Deaths usually occur in less than a week due to respiratory paralysis.

There is no cure. The most effective is prevention through vaccination.

Causes of Foolish's disease

Rabbit virus (Rhabdovirus) belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, like Lyssavirus.

The resistance of weak rabies viruses is easy to be inactivated at 560C within 30 minutes and at 700C/2 minutes. The virus is lost to light under light and antiseptic agents at a concentration of 2-5%. In the cold conditions of 40C, the virus lives from a few weeks to 12 months, at a temperature below 00C to live from 3-4 years. The rabies virus is preserved mainly in the host body. There are 2 strains of rabies:

Street rabies virus is a rabies virus that exists on diseased animals

Fixed rabies virus (fixed incubation time on rabbits). Louis Pasteur was the first to use fixed rabies virus to make rabies vaccine.

Symptoms of Foolish's disease

Symptomatic period: usually lasts 1-4 days, manifests fear, headache, fever, fatigue, discomfort, numbness and pain at the wound where the virus is invaded.

The stage of encephalitis: Symptoms of rabies are often insomnia, increased irritation such as fear of light, noise, fear of water. In addition, there are also plant nervous system disorders such as pupils, increased salivation, sweating, hypotension ...

The disease usually lasts from 2 to 6 days, sometimes longer and dies from respiratory muscle paralysis.

Transmission route of Foolish's diseaseFoolish

The rabies virus in nature is hot blood mammals, especially in wild dogs such as copper wolf, wolf, wild dogs, and domestic dogs. In addition, the rabies virus holder is also in cats, weasels, civets and other mammals.

In Vietnam, the source of rabies transmission is wild mammals and animals that live near people, most dogs account for 96-97%, followed by cat 3-4%, other animals (rabbits, mice, squirrels ...) have not been detected.

rabies is infected by saliva of animals with diseases excreted and followed by bite, licking, scratching on the skin torn (or through the mucous membrane intact. ) into the body, from which the nerves to the central lymph nodes and nerves. When the central nerve, the virus reproduces very quickly and then follows the nerve to the salivary gland. At this point, the nerves have not been significantly damaged, so the appearance of the animal is still normal but saliva has rabies viruses. After that, the rabies virus gradually destroyed the nerve cells that appeared typical clinical symptoms of rabies .

Incubation period: Usually rabies incubation period in humans for 2-8 weeks, may be shorter about 10 days or for more than a year or two years. The incubation time depends on the number of viruses penetrating the body, the severity of the wound, the distance from the near and from the wound to the brain. Severe wounds, near central nervous system, short incubation time.

The transmission period: In dogs and cats usually 3-7 days before clinical signs and during the diseased animal period.

Rabies disease is transmitted from people to human to zero ?

rabies can be transmitted from rabies to healthy people. The risks due to exposure to the saliva of people with rabies through the bite, kiss, through the skin damaged, through the mucosa, due to the use of food, food and drinks with drooling of people with infected people rabies ... spread rabies from human to humans is not common, and in the world there are only a few reports describing the situation of rabies from humans to people through the bite.

People at risk for Foolish's disease

Persons in contact with animals such as veterinarians, rangers, laboratory employees with rabies viruses ...

People with excellent travel interests in areas with high circulation such as Southeast Asia, Mexico, Central and South America, Africa.

Prevention of Foolish's disease

Propaganda and health education: Provide necessary information about rabies and how to prevent rabies, especially the detection of rabies animals, how to handle after bite by animals or contact

Veterinary and health coordination performs supervision where old rabies epidemic, where rabies often occur in animals, places of animal trading, especially dogs and cats, .

Perform registration and licenses for dog and cat farmers; Rabies vaccination is effective for dogs and cats to reach over 85% in animal pants.

People at risk of rabies infection such as veterinary staff, rangers, working in the laboratory with rabies viruses ... need to be immune with vaccines Cell rabies have high protection and reminders as prescribed by health.

The examination of patients with animals bitten or contacted to have a prophylactic treatment with rabies vaccine or rabies vaccine + rabies serum must be done as soon as possible.

Diagnostic measures for Foolish's disease

Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, especially water fear, fear of wind, fear of light with relevant epidemiological factors.

Diagnostic diagnosis: Testing for direct fluorescent immune antibodies (IFA) from brain tissue or micro -isolation on rats or on cell culture systems. Today, with new techniques, the RNA of the rabies virus can be detected by PCR reaction or RT-PCR reaction.

Foolish's disease treatments

People who are bitten by dogs and cats have to strictly follow the following content:

Wash wounds with clean water or 20%solid soap

Apply antiseptic substances: concentrated iodine alcohol to reduce the amount of viruses at the bite

No wound stitching. Sewing wound stitches in the case of bites for more than 5 days

Anesthesia at the wound to prevent the progression of the virus.

Tetanese vaccination and anti -bacterial treatment if needed.

Use specific immunity to prevent prophylaxis depending on the condition of animals, bite status, rabies situation in the area in the region:

Use cell rabies vaccine: Preventive vaccine has a protective effect after 2-8 weeks. Cell rabies vaccine is best, this is a safe and highly protective vaccine. Our country since 1992 has brought Verorab cell rabies vaccine to use.

Use rabies serum (HTKD): The rabies virus multiplies in the muscle near the infected place until there is enough concentration of infection into the central nervous system. Rabies serum has the effect of neutralizing viruses, reducing viral levels.

Preventive treatment effect depends on many factors such as vaccines, injection techniques, biological preservation, immune response of patients. The supervision and control to perform the professional content is very necessary.

Summary of preventive treatment

Bite condition

Condicity (including animals have been vaccinated)

Treatment

at the time of bite

in 15 days

Good leather

No treatment

Scratched skin near the central nervous system

Normal

vaccination

Symptoms of rabies

HTKD injection and rabies vaccine

Skin is slightly scratched away from the central nervous system

Normal

Monitoring animals.

Sickness, rabies symptoms

vaccine as soon as the animal has symptoms

Light scratches, far from central nerves

Can't track animals

vaccination now.

Symptoms of rabies

HTKD injection and vaccine

Wounds near the brain deep wound, many head wounds

- Normal - Can't track animals

HTKD injection and rabies vaccine as soon as possible

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Drugslib.com is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Drugslib.com information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Drugslib.com does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Drugslib.com's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Drugslib.com's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners.

The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugslib.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Drugslib.com provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.