Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes's disease overview

What is

gestational diabetes (gestational diabetes)?

From the old point of view, any glucose tolerance disorders started or first discovered during pregnancy is gestational diabetes. Today, from the new viewpoint of diabetes diagnosed in the middle 3 months or the last 3 months of pregnancy does not specify type 1 or tube 2 is called gestational diabetes and pregnant women have diabetes before wearing before wearing Pregnancy, when pregnant is called type 1 or type 2 diabetes patients.

Is gestational diabetes dangerous?

gestational diabetes can cause many dangerous complications.

Complications of gestational diabetes for mothers:

Hypertension

Pre -eclampsia, shock

miscarriage, pregnancy

Urinary infections

Private birth

Increased risk of diabetes in the future

Increased risk of gestational diabetes at the next pregnancy

complications of gestational diabetes for fetuses and infants:

Thai to

Development retarded in the uterus

Acute respiratory failure

Deathly death

Neonatal malformations

Increased risk of hypoglycemia at birth

Lower blood calcium, polycythemia, increase blood bilirubin causing jaundice ...

Easy to obesity and increase the risk of diabetes in the future

Causes of Gestational diabetes's disease

What is the cause of gestational diabetes ?

The exact cause of gestational diabetes has not been known. Many studies suggest that during pregnancy the secretion of pregnancy hormones such as lactogen, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin caused by placenta, which causes insulin resistance causing hyperglycemia. The concentration of hormones increases with fetal weight leading to gestational diabetes usually appear at week 24 - 28 of pregnancy. Blood sugar increases in the first 3 months of pregnancy can cause defects to the fetus, blood sugar increases in the following months can affect the intellectual development of the fetus, causing energy to increase the rate of death. At birth.

Symptoms of Gestational diabetes's disease

Most gestational diabetes have no special symptoms

So when to test the gestational diabetes when ?

If the mother is at high risk of gestational diabetes (see the risk below), gestational diabetes test should be done immediately after diagnosis Pregnancy

If the mother is at average, low risk, diabetes tests should be done at the week 24-28 of pregnancy

Prevention of Gestational diabetes's disease

Healthy diet: lots of green vegetables, less animal fat instead of vegetable oil

Exercise: Exercise regularly before and during pregnancy, 30 minutes a day during most weekdays will reduce the risk of gestational diabetes. Can walk, cycle ..

Weight loss before pregnancy: Do not encourage weight loss during pregnancy but can lose weight before pregnancy (if overweight) to have a healthy pregnancy

Diagnostic measures for Gestational diabetes's disease

Diabetes in general (according to the American Diabetes Association):

Blood sugar at hunger ≥ 7mmol/l or any blood sugar ≥ 11.1 mmol/l

If not qualified above, then experiment with Glucose tolerance

Perform glucose tolerance test with 75 g of glucose, measure blood sugar at hunger, after 1 hour and 2 hours, at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy in people who have not been diagnosed with urination Remove the previous road.

Perform glucose tolerance test in the morning after fasting at least 8 hours.

Results of the following blood sugar values as a diagnosis of gestational diabetes if one of the following blood sugar values:

Blood sugar at hunger ≥ 92 mg/dl (5.1mmol/l)

Blood sugar after 1 hour of drinking sugar water ≥180 mg/dl (10 mmol/l)

Blood sugar after 2 hours of drinking sugar water ≥153 mg/dl (8.5 mmol/l)

Gestational diabetes's disease treatments

Suitable diet: enough protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, mineral salts and water with reasonable volume. Moderate weight gain 8 to 12 pounds during pregnancy. Avoid eating too much weight gain.

Exercise regular sports for pregnant women such as swimming, walking ... Every day, should walk 20-30 minutes after eating meals every day Help control blood sugar

Sugar control: For gestational diabetes, control and exercise is also treatment for blood sugar control. If the diet and exercise without controlling blood sugar reaches the goals, it is advisable to control blood sugar by exclamose insulin. Use according to the regimen, comply with the injection time and the dose to avoid hypoglycemia. Usually use human insulin types. And people with gestational diabetes need to monitor blood sugar regularly many times a day at home at the instructions of a specialist

Monitoring diabetics needs the coordination of many specialties, with close relationships among diabetes specialists, obstetric, nutrition, newborn .

Patients with gestational diabetes can be natural and normal labor when pregnant enough month, but if the blood sugar is poorly controlled, with a history of miscarriage, it can be born early to avoid Death for pregnancy

After birth, babies need to breastfeed early, closely monitor the possible events. For pregnant diabetics after birth may not need treatment and check diabetes after 4 to 6 weeks.

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