Goiter

Goiter's disease overview

What is

goiter?

goiter , also known as goiter is a common disease of the thyroid gland that is very typical of a convex block in the neck due to the increase in the size of the gland. armor.

goiter is divided into three groups: benign goiter , cancer and tangled hormonal function. In which benign goiter is the most common account accounting for 80% of cases.

The benign goiter is cases that the thyroid gland increases in size without affecting the function of the thyroid gland. Therefore, benign goiter cases are almost no surgical intervention. However, when the tumor is too large, swallowing difficulties, shortness of breath and protruding forward causing aesthetic loss, the tumor surgery can be surgery.

Causes of Goiter's disease

The cause of goiter is divided into three main groups, namely:

  • The body lacks iodine, may be due to the lack of or due to the increased iodine needs of the body.
  • Due to the use of drugs and food: Lithium salt drugs are used in psychiatric specialties, asthma treatment, rheumatism ... Some foods such as bamboo shoots, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, vegetables, High hard water sources affect the synthesis of hormones and goiter.
  • Some congenital thyroid activity disorders.

    • Symptoms of Goiter's disease

    Depending on the different types of tumors, symptoms of goiter may have only local signs or there are on -site manifestations with other systemic signs.

    Systemic signs may be in goiter:

  • Fatigue, stress, memory loss, dry skin, often cold
  • The feeling of nervousness beating chest, or sweating, leaning weight
  • Eye protruding
  • Change of voice, common voice.

    • There is a block in the neck, the local sign depends on the size of the tumor. When the tumor is small, the patient does not feel anything, when the tumor is large, pinching the ingredients near the thyroid gland such as the trachea, the esophagus, the nerves, the following manifestations may be:

  • Feeling of throat is always entangled or sore throat.
  • Difficult to swallow, swallow pain.
  • Difficulty breathing, common in lying position.
    • cough and choking.
  • Breathing.

    • People at risk for Goiter's disease

  • People who do not often use foods that contain special iodine are common in mountainous areas.
  • The subjects wishing to hormone high thyroid hormones such as children who are puberty, pregnant or lactating women ...
  • Having chronic diseases such as colitis, prolonged diarrhea, chronic renal failure .. affecting the absorption and elimination of iodine.

    • History of thyroid diseases such as infection, thyroid tumor, autoimmune thyroid disorders.

  • Families with goiter or thyroid diseases.
  • After the treatment of mental illnesses

    • Prevention of Goiter's disease

    Preventive measures given to limit benign goiter cases and early detection of other goiter to improve treatment results. Including the following methods

  • Ensure the supply of iodine for the body by eating iodine -rich foods such as sea fish, shrimp sauce, fish sauce. Using iodine salt is a simple way that is easy to implement to reduce the risk of iodine deficiency.

  • For subjects suffering from thyroid diseases, after the treatment of mental illnesses, gastrointestinal diseases and chronic kidney diseases are at high risk of goiter. Periodic examination for early detection.
  • When there are signs of the disease, it is necessary to immediately go to the nearest medical facility for treatment.

    • Diagnostic measures for Goiter's disease

    Goiter is clinically determined through examination that the convex block in the neck corresponds to the thyroid position.

    Testing for goiter diagnosis can be done as:

  • Blood test: Detection of hormonal changes.

    • thyroid ultrasound: Determining a change in shape and thyroid structure.

    Anatomy test: Sampling from the thyroid gland through small needle suction or thyroid biopsy to identify benign tumors or cancer.

  • Thyroid radiography: is a new, modern test with quality images that allows the function of the function of the goiter in a comprehensive way and helps to detect cancer. The thyroid gland is early. This is a non -invasive test that is completely painless, does not affect the thyroid of the patient. The thyroid radius method has been carried out in a number of large hospitals in Vietnam, especially at Vinmec Hospital, which has been applied highly effective.

    • Goiter's disease treatments

    How

    How to treat goiter like? In cases where it is necessary to treat, depending on the classification and the degree of disease, goiter will be treated in one of the following three ways: medical treatment with oral medication, radiation and surgery, specifically:

  • Medical treatment using drugs is hormones to bring thyroid hormones to normal levels or treat infections in the thyroid gland. Medical treatment can be applied alone to treat goiter with thyroid dysfunction or applied after surgery and thyroid radiation therapy. Treatment of drugs must be followed, prescribed regularly daily and quantified hormone tests through periodic testing.
    • Radiotherapy is a method of using radioactive iodine that reduces the size of the thyroid.

    Surgical surgery depending on the case will perform a part or the whole thyroid gland.

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