Hernia

Hernia's disease overview

What is

brain hernia ? Brain hernia, also known as the full name of meninges, is a part of the brain organization and cerebrospinal fluid is escaped from the skull, forming a hernia bag outside the skull. Most meningeal hernias are congenital abnormal cases, so they usually only experience brain hernia in newborns. Skull, and skull hernia. 

In brain hernia - Mensites, depending on the position of the hernia, there are the following types: hernia in the front floor of the skull includes: hernia through the forehead sinus, sinus sinus and butterfly sinus, brain hernia The meninges between the skull include: hernia through the stone bone and the temple. 

Another type of nerve hernia is similar to hernia that is a hernia. The meninges hernia is due to the wide vertebra defect, which makes the spinal tube with the outside software, through the spinal holes, the spinal cord easily bulges and forms a hernia bag. The typical clinical sign of the meningeal hernia is to have a lumbar tumor.

Currently both types of meninges and meninges meningeal hernia can detect and treat the fetus thereby minimizing the effects of the disease on the disease. Development of young body.

Causes of Hernia's disease

Currently The cause of the fetus with brain hernia has not been clearly confirmed. Like some other congenital abnormalities, this may be due to genetic factors combined with the environment, such as the family with a history of meninges and folate.

Symptoms of Hernia's disease

Signs of meninges vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. The symptoms may include:

  • Hidden meninges hernia: This is a very small level of hernia so there is almost no symptoms. But sometimes it is possible to see abnormal signs on the child's skin at a hernia position such as: a red, small concave.

    • Meningomocele hernia (meningocele) are the cases in the taste bags that have the following components: epidural, spider film and cerebrospinal fluid.

  • Meningectomyelocele hernia: in a hernia bag contains a part of the marrow, cerebrospinal fluid and epidural.
  • Spinal hernia: In a hernia, there are many spinal cords.

    • Cases of hernias for nerve tissues are often covered by a skin layer but there are also cases where there is no surrounding membrane.

    When to see a doctor

    Normally, children with hernias are diagnosed before or immediately after birth at medical facilities. These cases will be monitored and treated at specialized medical and family medical facilities, so they should be educated for various complications for monitoring. Typically, children with meningeal hernia have almost no acute dangerous symptoms that are dangerous to their lives.

    People at risk for Hernia's disease

    Mening meninges more common in white people, Spaniards and women are more affected than men. Although the cause of meningeal hernia has not been identified, researchers have found some of the following risk factors:

  • Lack of folate. Folate (vitamin B-9) is very important for the healthy development of the fetus. Folate is a natural form of B-9 vitamin. Synthetic form, found in supplements and functional foods called folic acid. Folate deficiency increases the risk of herniases and other neural tube defects.
  • Family history with neural tube defects. Couples with a child with neural tube defects, the next child's risk will be higher. That risk increases if the first two children are affected by this condition. In addition, a woman born with a neural tube defect is at higher risk of giving birth to hernia. However, in fact most babies with meninges are born from parents without family history in this condition.
  • Some drugs. For example, anti -epileptic drugs, such as Valproic acid (depakene), are at risk of causing neural tube defects when used in pregnant women, the cause may be due to their ability to use folate and acids. Folic of the body.
  • diabetes. Women with diabetes do not control good blood sugar at risk of giving birth to a higher meningitis.

    • Obesity. Obesity before pregnancy is associated with an increase in the risk of neural tube birth defects, including meninges hernia in the fetus.

  • Increased body temperature. Some evidence suggests that the body temperature increases (increased body temperature) in the first weeks of pregnancy may increase the risk of spinal spine disease. Increasing body temperature may be caused by a fever or a sauna or a hot bath, which is associated with the risk of mild meningitis.

    • Prevention of Hernia's disease

    Brain hernia is not always preventive, but screening for risk factors can reduce the incidence of disease:

  • Fully supplemented with folic acid: Folic acid supplementation is started at least one month before conceiving and continuing in the first three months of pregnancy, significantly reducing risks Brain hernia and other neural tube defects. It is important to have enough folic acid in your body in the first weeks of pregnancy to prevent brain hernia. Because many women do not discover that they are pregnant until this time, experts recommend that all women of reproductive age should add 400 micrograms (MCG) folic acid daily. Some foods, including bread, pasta, rice and some breakfast cereals will add about 400 mcg of folic acid.
  • Using the drug under the doctor's instructions during pregnancy, especially neurological drug groups.
  • Good weight and blood sugar control before and during pregnancy

    • Diagnostic measures for Hernia's disease

    Pregnant women will be provided with prenatal screening tests to check for brain hernia and other birth defects. However, tests are only screening due to false positive ratio and false negative. Some mothers with positive blood tests have normal children. Conversely, when the result is negative, there is still a risk of disease. The tests that can be done include:

    Blood test

  • Alpha-Fetoprotein tests (MSAFP). For MSAFP test, a mother's blood sample is taken and tested for Alpha -Fetoprotein (AFP) - a fetal protein produced by the fetus. The small amount of AFP passing through the placenta and entering the mother's blood is normal. But the abnormal high AFP level shows that the fetus may have neuromuscular defects, although some cases of thorns do not create high AFP levels. If high AFP results need further evaluation, including ultrasound test.

    • Other blood tests: MSAFP tests can be performed with two or three other blood tests. These tests are usually done with MSAFP tests, but their goal is to screen for other abnormalities, such as Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), not neural tube defects.

    ultrasound

    Ultrasound is one of the common methods to screen brain hernia and check other fetal indicators. If a blood test shows a high AFP index, ultrasound will be indicated to help determine the reason. 

    amniocentesis

    If a blood test shows a high AFP level, but the ultrasound results are normal, it may perform amniocentesis to check.

    Hernia's disease treatments

    Treatment of hernia depends on the severity of the disease. The treatments include:

    Prenatal surgery

    Neurological function in newborns with meninges may worsen after birth if left untreated. Pre -production surgery (fetal surgery) takes place before the 26th week of pregnancy. The surgeon will open the mother's uterus and conduct a hernia.

    Research shows that children with hernias have surgery during the fetus can minimize defects. In addition, before birth surgery may reduce the risk of brain effusion. It is important to have a comprehensive assessment to determine whether before birth surgery is feasible. This specialized surgery is only performed at medical facilities with many fetal surgery experts, with specialized approaches and special care for babies. 

    Postpartum surgery

    Surgery is to put the meninges back to the position and open holes of the hernia. This surgery can usually be performed with very little or no other nervous damage.

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