Kawasaki (vasculitis)

Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease overview

What is What is Kawasaki disease?

Kawasaki disease (vasculitis) is a disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body. The disease usually manifests itself with systemic symptoms such as fever and rash; or symptoms in organs such as fluttering and red eyes; The mucous membranes of the mouth, lips and throat are irritated; Lymph nodes in the neck swollen; Swelling of hands and feet. The disease may explode in a position or may be in clusters. Winter-Legend is the time when Kawasaki incidence increases.

The disease may not cause serious instant consequences. But in the long run, Kawasaki disease can leave severe complications later, especially coronary artery lesions.

History of disease?

The first described disease in Japan in 1967 by Kawasaki Pediatrician, and the doctor's name was used to name the disease. Since then, the disease has been diagnosed most often for Japanese children. In the US, Kawasaki's disease is not a rare disease, the disease can be seen in every race and the nation, but the most common is Asian -American children. It is estimated that the annual Kawasaki incidence in children under 5 years old in the US is 10 cases of disease/100,000 children, but the number of cases of accurate disease has not been statistically.

Causes of Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease

Kawasaki disease is due to?

Until now, the cause of Kawasaki disease is still a controversial issue. There are many theories that have been set, but it is not possible to determine exactly what Kawasaki disease is. These hypotheses include:

Regarding the infection agent

This is the reason that many experts agree most. Very high possibility is infections such as bacteria, viruses are the main cause of Kawasaki disease.

Regarding the genetic factor

based on epidemiological epidemics, it can be seen that the Japanese and the Asians are the groups of people with very high incidence of Kawasaki disease, so the hypothesis is possible to have the possibility. Related between genetic factors with Kawasaki disease.

Symptoms of Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease

Disease phase:

  • Fever, stimulation: These are the first symptoms that appear first in children with Kawasaki disease. The child's body temperature often increases suddenly, on average about 38-40 ℃ (101-104 degrees F), sometimes over 40 ℃ (> 104 degrees F). During the disease, fever may increase or decrease, sometimes lasting up to 3 weeks.

    • Swelling of lymph nodes: The neck lymphadenopathy often swells in Kawasaki disease.

  • rash: Ban in Kawasaki disease also appears quite early. The committee is usually bright red, can be concentrated into large or sticky crowds, which can also include unclear spots with many discrete standing sizes.
  • Eye inflammation (Eye inflammation): Appearing in the first week of the disease, usually without fluid.
  • Red tongue, thorns (papillae), dry cracks: The tongue is usually bright red, and becomes dry, cracked; There are papillals to enlarge strawberry seeds, so they are called "strawberry tongue". The mucous membrane of the mouth becomes darker.

    • red palms, feet: palms and soles turn bright red, and hands and feet can swell. stiff neck: Sometimes stiffness can be seen in children with Kawasaki disease.

  • Fatigue, irritability: This is the result of a series of pathological symptoms that make children feel uncomfortable and irritable.

    • The fever reduction stage:

  • The body temperature gradually.
  • Peel off the hands and feet: From the 3rd week of the disease, children may show signs of peeling skin around nails and toenails; Skin in the hands and feet can peel off large patches, sometimes peeling in a piece (for the image similar to the skin peeling).
    • arthritis: The condition of arthritis of knee, hips, and ankles can be more severe and more painful. Pain and arthritis can sometimes persist after other symptoms have disappeared completely.
  • The horizontal lines on the nails and toenails: Can exist until the nails grow.

    • Transmission route of Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s diseaseKawasaki (vasculitis)

    Patients may wonder whether Kawasaki disease is contagious? However, there is currently no evidence that this disease is transmitted from one person to another.

    People at risk for Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease

    Children are the main object of Kawasaki disease, most of Kawasaki's disease in young children appears in children under 5 years old. Statistics show that boys often suffer from Kawasaki more than young women, the incidence of male/female kawasaki is about 2/1.

    As mentioned above, Japanese children and Asian people are at higher risk of Kawasaki disease than other subjects.

    Prevention of Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease

    Up to the present time, no measures can help prevent Kawasaki disease . Researchers across the United States and Japan are still studying the disease together through programs such as the research program Kawasaki disease in San Diego.

    Diagnostic measures for Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease

    Clinical examination

    The doctor will ask the disease and examine clinical signs to be able to orient the diagnosis as well as help eliminate other diseases with similar symptoms.

    Blood test

  • About red blood cells: There may be mild anemia, high rate of red blood cell deposition, proving that patients with vasculitis.

    • About leukocytes: The number of white blood cells above average. on platelets: The number of platelets soared.

    urine test

    Can detect abnormal leukemia

    Electrolyte measurement

    Can see arrhythmia, evidence of myocardial tension. This shows the impact of Kawasaki disease on the patient's heart.

    echocardiography

    Allows the assessment of structural lesions and functions of the heart and large blood vessels

    Kawasaki (vasculitis)'s disease treatments

    How Kawasaki is treated?

  • Specific treatment: The disease is serious because of coronary damage, so children have Kawasaki disease should be treated early with gamma globulin (one wall part of protein in human blood) high doses of intravenous injection. Using Gamma Globulin in the first 10 days of the disease shows high effectiveness in reducing inflammation and preventing complications on coronary artery. The indicator is indicated in parallel with the treatment of gamma globulin, until the fever is reduced. , or any other abnormal signs on the heart, need medical treatment or cardiovascular surgery intervention. Patients should be monitored cardiovascular -related problems for many years after recovering from Kawasaki.

    • .

  • Gamma Globulin: Sometimes, patients may have fever symptoms, chills during injection. At this time, it is necessary to stop injecting immediately and treating antihistamin before re -injection. tinnitus; Shallow rapid breathing; The fever returns to other symptoms of Kawasaki disease (signs of aspirin poisoning). When there are any symptoms, patients need to stop aspirin. Reye syndrome: Appears in children who are using high -dose aspirin exposed to influenza or chickenpox

    • In short, Kawasaki disease is a condition Abnormal reason associated with inflammation of blood vessels in the body. The disease is common in children under 5 years old, especially Japanese and Asian children. The cause of the disease is still unclear. The disease manifests for symptoms of fever, rash, along with symptoms in lymphadenopathy, skin, mucosa, etc. There is no evidence that Kawasaki disease can spread. Early treatment with Gambaglobulin is important, helping to repel dangerous complications, especially coronary lesions.

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