Kidney cysts

Kidney cysts's disease overview

What is

What is kidney cyst? 

Kidney cyst is an abnormal fluid in the kidneys, which can appear on one or both sides of the kidney. Kidney cysts are usually shaped, clear and not connected to the renal pyelage.

Nephromatic cysts are common in adults over 50, but it can still be seen in children called children's kidney cysts, some cases of kidney cysts from birth are called follicles innate kidneys .

Kidney cysts can be divided into 3 categories including:

  • Poisonous kidney cysts: Only one abnormal fluid in the kidneys can appear on one or two sides. The most common disease is common and it accounts for a high proportion in patients aged over 50. Solar kidney cysts do not cause any complications and often have no symptoms. Large follicles will cause pain on the back containing the kidney cyst. Discovered by CT-Scan or ultrasound. Small size in less than 6cm does not cause complications and no intervention. If the renal cyst size is larger, it is necessary to operate to avoid pinching the kidney owner and directly affects the function of the kidney. In the case of causing complications such as pain, infections for patients but treatment with medical methods is not effective to intervene by surgery.

    • Many cysts: Similar to single kidney cysts but have many follicles and take place by the congestion of many kidney units.

  • Polycystic kidneys: Often due to genetic factors and should be monitored every 6 months through ultrasound. When causing pain symptoms, infections need intervention from the urinary specialist.

    • Is kidney disease dangerous?

    The kidneys are benign, few clinical manifestations, often detected through ultrasound, can be clearly visible, the follicle is clear, and soft.

    Renal cysts often progress slowly, with few complications (only less than 3% may have complications: bleeding in follicles, cysts, urinary tract infections, kidney stones ...). The disease is benign and silent. If some cases are large, causing a lot of pain or a new complication, it is necessary to intervene. 

    Causes of Kidney cysts's disease

    The cause of the kidney cysts has not been well known so far. There are several theories that: there is a destruction of the structure of renal tubules or anemia supplied to the kidneys may be the cause of the kidney cyst. Excess bags from the renal tubules can be separated to form the kidney cyst. The role of gene in formation and development of single kidney follicles.

    Polycystic kidney disease is related to genetic factors

    Symptoms of Kidney cysts's disease

  • Often there is no clinical manifestation until accidentally detecting or detecting disease through complications of kidney cysts.

    • Clinical manifestations may include:

  • Some cases may have pain in the ribs or hips if the cyst is large and pressed to other organs with hematuria.
  • When there is a follicle infection or bleeding, it will cause fever, pain and cold. Pain may be severe like kidney stones or pyelonephrosis.
  • There may be hypertension: If there is a pressed kidney.
  • often have a history of urinary infections and kidney stones
  • Patients often have large kidneys and can be touched through clinical examination. In fact, patients with hypertension and abdominal tumors suggest this disease. Up to 40 - 50% of people have liver follicles at the same time. 

    • complications of the kidney cyst may be encountered:

  • Abdominal pain and ribs are caused by bacterial infections, bleeding in cysts or kidney stones. 

    • General hematuria is usually caused by a cyst into the renal pelvis, but it may also be caused by kidney stones or infections. Usually after 7 days of resting and drinking plenty of water. If hematuria recurs, need to think of evil tumors, especially in patients> 50 years old.

  • Urinary infections: If the patient has ribs, fever, leukemia, it is necessary to think of cystic infections. Blood culture may be positive, but the urine test may be normal because the follicle is not connected to the urinary tract. Need antibiotic treatment
  • Kidney stones: up to 20% of patients with kidney stones, mainly calcium oxalate stones; Need to drink plenty of water (2 - 3l/ day).

    • hypertension: up to 50% of patients with hypertension when visiting for the first time. The rest will also appear hypertension during the disease. 

  • Brain aneurysm: There may be an aneurated cerebral artery in the Willis ring. There is no angiography or screening screening, unless the patient has a family history of aortic aneurysm, or a surgical surgery that has many risks of hypertension.

    • Other complications:

    mitral valve, aortic valve malformation. In addition, these patients are susceptible to excess pockets.

    People at risk for Kidney cysts's disease

  • over 50 years old

    • Men

    History of urinary infections

    People who have to dialysis or peritoneal dialysis

  • Families with people with kidney cyst disease

    • Prevention of Kidney cysts's disease

    There is no measure to prevent kidney cyst.

    Diagnostic measures for Kidney cysts's disease

    To diagnose kidney cysts based on

  • History of the disease

    • Clinical symptoms

    Conduct a number of tests and exploration of the following function:

  • Kidney function assessment tests: urea, creatinin, uric acid
  • Total urine and urine analysis: Urinary leukemia or erythrocytes when there is a kidney follicle infection.
  • proteinuria: No or very little
  • There may be erythrocytes: there may be microscopic or general blood due to injury, cyst infection.

    • ultrasound: mainly diagnosed with urinary ultrasound. Determine the number of cysts, size and kidney follicles. Kidney cysts are usually round or oval, clear, negative and clear. The kidney cyst on the ultrasound is round or oval, the shore, the fluid, is the empty block, there is no shadow in the back, no connection with the renal pelvis.

  • Kidney scan with contrast drugs: shows the push into the renal parenchyma if the cause of the kidney cysts, distinguishes from the cause of kidney water stasis.
  • When necessary, people can give a CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of kidney cysts from kidney tumors.

    • Kidney cysts's disease treatments

    There is no medical measure that prevents progress to renal failure. 

    If the kidney cyst is less than 5 cm and no symptoms do not need treatment. Periodic monitoring of single kidney follicles by ultrasound, urine testing and periodic renal function and avoiding strong collisions.

    If the kidney cysts are large (5cm) or cause symptoms and is the cause of pyelonephrosis and ureter, which needs surgical intervention.

    Some interventions include:

  • Suction, anti -fiber pump, but relapses up to 70% after only 3 months.
  • Open surgery to cut the capsule tip takes a lot of time in the hospital, the incision will leave scars and the health of the patient is slow to recover.
  • The most effective treatment for kidney cysts today is that laparoscopic surgery to cut the tip of the cyst. Overcoming the disadvantage of efficiency and ensuring the highest safety.

    • Treatment of complications such as bleeding, you need to rest and use hemostasis, drink enough water 2l/day, blood transfusion if necessary. If infection: Use antibiotics in accordance with the regimen.

    Other treatments include:

  • Drink plenty of water (2l/day) to avoid creating stones, if there is a hypertension, the diuretics should be used. Urine should be alkaline if there is renal tubular acidosis.
  • Reasonable diet, activities and scientific work
  • Do not use stimulants such as drinking alcohol, smoking.

    • See also:

  • polycystic kidneys are genetic disease? polycystic kidney: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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