Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance's disease overview

Lactose -free disease (English name is Lactose Intolerance) is defined as when people eat or drink in dairy products that cannot completely digest sugar (lactose) in milk. As a result, they have diarrhea and flatulence after eating or drinking dairy products. The condition, also known as the inferiority of the sugar from milk, is often harmless, but its symptoms can cause an uncomfortable feeling for the patient.

The reason is due to a deficiency of lactase - an enzyme produced in the small intestine of the person, leading to the body in tolerance of lactose. Many people have low lactase levels but can digest dairy products without any problems. However, if the patient really does not tolerate lactose, the deficiency of lactase will lead to symptoms after eating dairy foods.

Most lactose -free people can control the condition without having to give up all the dairy foods.

Causes of Lactose intolerance's disease

Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine of the patient does not produce enough enzymes (lactase) to digest lactose (milk sugar).

Normally, lactase turns lactose into two simple sugars including glucose and galactose, these two types of sugar will be absorbed into the blood via intestinal mucosa.

Without lactase, lactose in food will move into the colon instead of being transformed and absorbed. In the colon, bacteria here will interact with non -digesting lactose, causing signs and symptoms of lactose intolerance.

There are three types of lactose intolerance. Different factors that cause lactase enzyme deficiency lead to different forms of the disease, presented as follows:

Original lactose intolerance

This is the most common type of lactose intolerance. People with primary lactose intolerance from birth, when children replace milk with other foods, the production of lactase usually decreases, but still high enough to digest the amount of milk in the typical diet of humans. Large.

In the state of non -intolerant lactose, lactase production drops sharply, causing dairy products to be difficult to digest as adults. Original Lactose intolerance is defined in genetics, which occurs in a large proportion of people from Africa, Asia or Spain. This situation is also common in people of Mediterranean or Southern Europe.Secondary lactose intolerance

This form of lactose intolerant occurs when the small intestine reduces lactase production after illness, injury or surgery related to the small intestine. Among the secondary diseases of the secondary lactose intolerance is celiac, bacterial disorders and Crohn's disease. Treatment of this disease can basically restore lactase levels and improve signs and symptoms, although it may take time.

Integrated milk sugar or developing this disease can occur but very rare, only occurring for children born without lactase. This disorder is transmitted from generation to generation according to the recessive gene mechanism, which means that both parents must have a disease gene and both transmitted to the child, leading to the baby born with this genetic defect. . Premature babies may also not tolerate lactose because lactose concentration is not enough.

Symptoms of Lactose intolerance's disease

The expression of lactose tolerance usually starts from 30 minutes to two hours after eating or drinking foods containing lactose. Common signs and symptoms include:

  • diarrhea
  • Nausea and sometimes vomit
  • Abdominal cramps

    • bloating

    There is a lot of breath in the abdomen

    Transmission route of Lactose intolerance's diseaseLactose intolerance

    Lactose intolerance is not an infectious disease, so it is unable to spread from patients to healthy people. 

    People at risk for Lactose intolerance's disease

    The factors that can make you or your child easily get unpaid milk sugar include:

  • The older. Lactose intolerance usually appears in adulthood and is not common in infants and young children.
  • Race. Lactose intolerance is most popular in African, Asian, Spain and Indian -American people.
  • premature birth. No reduction in lactose in infants premature birth may be reduced by lactase enzyme levels because the small intestine does not develop lactase production cells until the last 3 months.
  • The disease affects the small intestine. Problems with small intestine can cause lactose intolerance including bacterial disorders, celiac and Crohn's disease.

    • Some cancer treatments. If the patient has been radiotherapy in the abdominal or intestinal complications due to chemotherapy, there will be a risk of lactose intolerance.

    Prevention of Lactose intolerance's disease

    Currently, scientists have not found a way to prevent patients in tolerance. But this disease can be easily treated and limited the amount of food/drink containing lactose, supplementing lactase enzymes to help the body digest lactose.

    Diagnostic measures for Lactose intolerance's disease

    The doctor may suspect lactose intolerance based on the symptoms and reactions of the patient with reducing the amount of dairy foods in the diet. The doctor can confirm the diagnosis by conducting one or more tests:

  • Lactose tolerance test. Lactose tolerance test measures the reaction of the patient's body with liquid containing high lactose content. Two hours after drinking the liquid, the patient will get blood to measure the amount of glucose in the blood. If the glucose level does not increase, that means the body of the patient does not digest and absorb properly lactose.
  • Hydrogen Breath Test (Hydrogen Breath test) is a test that uses hydrogen measurement in the breath to diagnose some conditions that cause digestive symptoms. In humans, only bacteria - especially anaerobic bacteria in the colon - capable of producing hydrogen. Bacteria produce hydrogen when they are exposed to non -absorbing foods, especially sugar and carbohydrates, but not protein or fat. Although the limited hydrogen is generated from a small amount of absorbed food, it is often reached, a large amount of hydrogen can be produced when there is a problem with digestion or absorbing food in the small intestine, allowing it to allow Foods do not absorb more than the colon. When starting to test, the patient blows in and fills a ball with a breath of the air. The hydrogen concentration is measured in a breathing sample from the ball. The patient then eats a small amount of test sugar (lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, fructose, lactulose, etc. depending on the purpose of the test). Additional breathing samples are collected and analyzed hydrogen every 15 minutes for a maximum of five hours. 
  • Checking the acidity of the fertilizer. For lactose -free children without using other tests, the acidity of the feces may be used. Lactose fermentation is not digested to produce lactic acid and other acids, which can be detected in the feces.

    • Lactose intolerance's disease treatments

    There is no way to increase the production of lactase enzymes of the patient's body, but patients can often avoid discomfort when not tolerating lactose by:

  • Avoid eating lots of milk and dairy products
  • only eat a small portion of dairy products in daily meals
  • Use cream and milk products containing less lactose

    • With the experience of trying lactose products, patients can predict the body's reaction to different foods containing lactose and find out the version. The body can eat or drink how much without discomfort. Very few people with lactose intolerance are so serious that they have to remove all dairy products and be alert to non -drug foods or lactose -containing drugs.

    Maintain a good diet

    Reducing dairy products does not mean that patients cannot get enough calcium. Calcium is found in many other foods, such as:

  • Broccoli
  • Calcium boost products, such as bread and juice

    • Salayer is canned

  • Milk replacement products, such as soy milk and rice milk
  • CAM
  • Peanuts pinto
  • Rhubarb (Rhubarb)

    • Spinach (spinach)

    In addition, make sure you have enough vitamin D, by eating products such as eggs, liver and yogurt also contain vitamin D and the body of the patient will produce vitamin D when sun exposure. Talk to the doctor about vitamin D supplementation and calcium supplements to ensure.

    Limiting dairy products

    Most lactose -free people can use some dairy products without symptoms. The body's tolerance can be increased by dairy products by gradually putting them into a diet. Some people find that they can tolerate adequate dairy products, such as pure fresh milk and cheese, easier than non -fat dairy products or fat loss.

    How to change the diet to minimize the symptoms of milk sugar intolerance include:

  • Select a small milk diet. Small a small amount of milk - up to 4 ounces (118 ml) at a time. The smaller the diet, the less causing gastrointestinal problems.
  • Drink milk with other foods. This slows down the digestive process and can reduce the symptoms of milk sugar intolerance.
  • Not all dairy products have the same amount of sugar. For example, hard cheese, such as Switzerland or Cheddar, have a small amount of milk sugar and often do not cause symptoms. Patients can tolerate fermented dairy products, such as yogurt, because bacteria used during natural fermentation have created lactose sugar resolving enzymes.
  • Buy low or no lactose products. Patients can find these products at most supermarkets.
  • Use digestive enzymes. Non -prescribed drugs contain lactase enzymes (easy milk, lactaid, others) can help patients digest dairy products. Patients can take medicine right before meals or drip the drug into the milk box. Not everyone with lactose intolerance is suitable for this measure.

    • Alternative drugs

    Probiotic are living in the intestine to help maintain a healthy digestive system. Probiotic is also available in the form of activity culture or "living" in some yogurt and in the form of supplements in the form of capsules. They are sometimes used for gastrointestinal diseases, such as diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome. This measure can also help the body of lactose gastrointestinal disease. Probiotic is often considered a safe measure and should be tried if other methods do not help.

    See also:

  • What does the glucose test mean for the fetus and pregnant health?
  • Gestational diabetes
  • How much blood sugar index is gestational diabetes?

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