Larynx

Larynx's disease overview

larynx (larynx) is the pronunciation agency and for breathing, lying in front of the bar, from the CIII vertebra to the burning of CVI, connecting the pharynx to the trachea so it clears the top with the servant, below with the trachea . Mobile larynx right under the skin of the neck before swallowing, or when bent down, looking up. It develops with the development of the genital apparatus, so when matured, the voice also changes (broken voice), in men thrive stronger so the voice of men and women is different, male and female Female higher.

larynx stenosis is a state of airway stenosis at different levels starting from the larynx to the trachea. The cause may be due to the congenital abnormalities of articular cartilage (narrow under congenital epidural) due to pathology. Typically, babies who are intubated for a few weeks will lead to a narrow form. Narrow under congenital sound will have a subglottic diameter less than 4.0 mm in newborn babies and 3.0 mm in premature babies. In addition, there are other causes such as strangling, neck injury, swallowing mucosa corrosion.

Causes of Larynx's disease

innate larynx stenosis is very rare. Severe cases die during the newborn period. Cases of life are mild and clinically expressed by congenital screeching.  

The laryngeal stenosis accounts for the majority of cases when compared to congenital stenosis. These are cases where the larynx is narrowed continuously, increasing due to the mucosal wall and cartilage wall. Causes:

Injury. Cases of laryngeal stenosis can be seen in the following situations:

  • Vehicle accidents, occupational accidents, injuries or neck cutting suicide causing the larynx to break.
  • ACIDING CHEMICALS such as acid, mucosal burns.

    • Surgery: Half of the larynx, larynx burning.

  • Put the laryngeal tube or long -term endotrach tube can also cause mucosal ulcers and larynx stenosis.
  • Wearing Krenthaber trache tube can also cause ulcers or trachea.

    • Previously people had surgery to open laryngeal laryngeals - armor: This surgery often leaves narrow laryngeal scars.

    inflammation. Causes of inflammation are also common: acute inflammation and chronic inflammation.

  • Acute inflammation: measles, diphtheria, flu, typhoid causes edema and mucosal ulcer, cartilage necrosis.
    • chronic inflammation: congenital syphilis and syphilis in the third period causing prolonged infection or ulcer with wrinkle scars, sticky scars, hard scars

    Symptoms of Larynx's disease

    laryngeal stenosis leads to respiratory and voice problems. Ha Thanh Mon's problems affect respiration. Voice problems are related to the lid of the subject. Narrow under the bar may have a few symptoms such as wheezing, wheezing, and breathing, causing children to be limited in newborn activities, may experience problems when feeding. Narrowing under serious bar and the consolidation of the sound wire requires a trachea to support the child to breathe. The voice is usually normal unless it is very heavy or completely.

    Children and newborns who have narrowed under the bar may have other accompanying diseases such as complex lung disease (bronchopulpulmonary dysplasia), heart and nerve disease, gastroesophageal reflux The problem of swallowing and eating. To get the best results in the treatment of airway stenosis, it is important that all related issues and the accompanying disease are treated by a medical group of many other specialties. 

    Transmission route of Larynx's diseaseLarynx

    laryngeal stenosis is not infectious, so it is unable to spread from patients to healthy people. 

    People at risk for Larynx's disease

    The exact cause of laryngeal stenosis has not been clear. Special care units for babies show that a small number of newborns suffer from this condition and not enough patients in each unit to have statistical enough data. Multi -central studies are necessary to better understand the cause of laryngeal stenosis.

    However, current evidence shows a number of important risk factors including prolonged, lightweight endotracheal intubation, reflux, hemorrhage and other factors. Moreover, the use of endotracheal tubes can cause narrow or soften at the location of the trachea, especially if the intubation is highly placed.

    Prevention of Larynx's disease

    Currently, the exact cause of the larynx has not been found, so it is difficult to take initiative in preventing it. Early detection and treatment is important, helping to ensure the best health for children.

    Diagnostic measures for Larynx's disease

    The doctor will evaluate factors such as intubation and prolonged ventilation, premature birth, light weight, chronic bronchial disorders and gastroesophageal reflux.

  • Doctors may appoint neck X-rays to assess the level of larynx narrow. 
  • Service assessment by esophageal endoscopy

    • Larynx's disease treatments

    There are two laryngeal stenosis treatments: laparoscopic surgery or open surgery, to decide which method, the doctor will endoscopy to decide which method and depending on the level. Narrow. 

    There is the main method used to adjust the narrow under the bar of the larynx regeneration (LTR) and cut the cricotracheal (CTR). Both of these surgeries can be performed in one or two stages and this decision depends on each specific case.

  • Restoration of larynx (LTR) is a procedure to expand the airway by inserting cartilage (taken from the ribs, ears or larynx). Over time, the expanded cartilage is integrated into the trachea walls and Ha Thanh Mon becomes part of the airway.
  • Cutting cricotracheal (CTR) is a tips and technical requirements of a doctor much higher than the larynx regeneration (LTR) to eliminate the narrow part of the airway and the airway and the airway and Then connect to the remaining normal diameter of the airway. This technique is indicated by more serious stenosis. This technique is usually performed once, but in some children with heart disease and neuropathy, it can be done in two different stages. .

    • A third type of surgery is a combination of the two methods above. 

    Note that patients always have to trade between breathing and voice when performing surgical interventions on the airway. Priority is given to the removal of canula to open trachea, improving the quality of life of patients and avoiding many problems related to trachea surgery.

    The decision of the type of surgery depends on the exact location of the narrow, narrow time, the involvement of the sound wire in the narrow segment and the accompanying disease.

    The growth of normal trachea and is not affected after these interventions. Children after surgery will grow normally and improve greatly in the quality of life later.

    See also:

  • Where is the larynx and how does it work? Li> Mechanical and laryngeal open muscle: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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