Leukemia

Leukemia's disease overview

Disease Leukemia , also known as leukemia is a disease of the body's bone marrow and bone marrow tissue, including bone marrow and bone marrow. lymphatic system.

Bone marrow is a foam center of bone that produces blood cells: leukocytes, red blood cells and platelets. White blood cells help the body fight infections, red blood cells carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's organs and take CO2 from the cells from the body, platelet helps to create blood clots To control bleeding. The stem cells in the bone marrow producing white blood cells, red blood cells or platelets mature in accurate quantities. When leukemia occurs, bone marrow begins to produce immature white blood cells, called young - malignant cells (blast cells) of bone marrow, without serving the right purpose. their number is larger than normal cells and prevent them from functioning properly.

leukemia is classified as a marrow or lymphocytic lymphocytic depending on the type of white blood cells affected. Each type continues to be chronic or acute depending on the rate of spreading the disease. Some types of leukemia are more common in children, other types of leukemia occur mainly in adults. Chronic leukemia progresses slower than acute. There are four main types of leukemia:

  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia (All)
  • Disease Leukemia pulp (AML)

    • Chronic cell leukemia (CLL)

  • Chronic marrowbone leukemia (CML)

    • Treatment of leukemia may be complicated - depending on the type of leukemia and other factors.What is the

    What is the Leukemia disease and what is the symptom?  

    Causes of Leukemia's disease

    Scientists have not found the exact cause of leukemia. It seems to develop from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

    How is leukemia formed?

    leukemia occurs when the DNA of the bone marrow cells mutated. These cells continue to grow and divide, when a healthy healthy cell stops dividing and will eventually die, but the bone marrow creates adult cells developing into white blood cells. The bridge is mutated. Over time, these abnormal cells can overwhelm healthy blood cells in the bone marrow, leading to healthy leukemia, red blood cells and platelets, causing signs and symptoms of leukemia.

    Symptoms of Leukemia's disease

    Different symptoms of leukemia, depending on the type of leukemia. The common signs and symptoms of leukemia include:

  • Fever or chills
  • Extended, weak fatigue
  • Infectious or severe infections
  • Weight loss without a reason
  • Lymph nodes swollen, liver or spleen
  • easy to bleed or bruise
  • Relapse nosebleeds
  • Small red spots on the skin
  • Excessive sweating, especially at night

    • Bone pain When to see a doctor?

    Schedule an appointment with the doctor if there are any signs or symptoms that make the patient worried. The symptoms of leukemia are often vague and not specific. Patients may ignore the symptoms of leukemia early as they may be similar to the symptoms of the flu and other common diseases. Often leukemia is unintentionally detected in other blood tests.How is the leukemia classified?

    Doctors classify leukemia based on its progression and the type of related cells.

    Classification of leukemia:
  • Acute leukemia. In acute leukemia, abnormal blood cells are adult blood cells, they do not perform normal functions and they multiply quickly, so the disease becomes worse quickly. Acute leukemia requires active and timely treatment.

    • Chronic leukemia. There are many types of chronic leukemia. Some produce too many cells and some produce too little blood cells. Chronic leukemia associated with adult blood cells, these blood cells copy or accumulate more slowly and can function normally for a period of time. Some types of chronic leukemia initially have no early symptoms and may not be noticed or not diagnosed for many years. The second classification by the type of white blood cells is affected:

  • lymphocytic leukemia. This leukemia affects lymphatic cells (lymphocytes), forming lymph cells or lymphatic tissue. Lymphatic tissue creates human immune system.
  • leukemia. This leukemia affects bone marrow cells. Bone marrow cells produce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

    • Transmission route of Leukemia's diseaseLeukemia

    Acute Leukemia disease is cancer, not infectious disease, so it is unable to transmit from patients to healthy people.

    People at risk for Leukemia's disease

    Factors may increase the risk of leukemia, including:

  • Cancer treatment. Those who experience chemotherapy and radiation to treat cancer are at risk of developing some leukemia.
  • Genetic disorders. Genetic abnormalities seem to play a certain role in the development of leukemia. Some genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome, are associated with increased risk of leukemia.
  • Exposure to chemicals. Exposure to some chemicals, such as benzene - is found in gasoline and is used in chemical industry related to increased risk of leukemia.
  • Smoking. Smoking increases the risk of acute marrow leukemia.

    • Family history of leukemia. If your family members are diagnosed with leukemia, the risk of the next generation can increase.

    However, most people with risk factors know not to have leukemia. And many people with leukemia do not have these risk factors.

    Prevention of Leukemia's disease

    To reduce the risk of developing leukemia, people can do it by doing the following:

  • No smoking is the best way to reduce the risk of leukemia. Do not start smoking nor try smoking.

  • Maintain healthy body weight. Some studies have shown that overweight and obesity may increase the risk of leukemia. Reasonable diet and physical activity can help people who have not been sick have a healthy body weight.
  • Avoid or reduce long -term contact with benzene and formaldehyde to reduce the risk of leukemia.

    • Diagnostic measures for Leukemia's disease

    Doctors may detect chronic leukemia in regular blood tests, before the symptoms begin. If the patient has signs or symptoms of suggestive leukemia, the doctor will specify some of the following diagnostic tests:

  • Health examination. The doctor will look for physical signs to detect leukemia, such as pale skin due to anemia, swelling of lymph nodes and liver and enlarged spleen.
  • Blood test, the doctor can determine the abnormal level of red blood cells, leukemia or platelets to suggest leukemia.
  • Bone marrow test. The doctor may prescribe a sample of the bone marrow from the patient's hip. The bone marrow is removed with long and thin needles. The bone marrow sample is sent to the laboratory to search for leukemia cells. Specialized tests on leukemia cells can reveal some of the characteristics used by the doctor to choose the appropriate treatment regimen.

    • Leukemia's disease treatments

    Treatment of leukemia depends on many factors, the doctor determines the options of treating leukemia based on the age and overall health, the type of leukemia that the patient suffer from and whether it has it. Lans to other parts of the body, including the central nervous system. Common treatments used to fight leukemia include:

  • valence. Chemotherapy is the main form of leukemia by using chemicals to kill leukemia. Depending on the type of leukemia, patients can use one or combining drugs. These drugs can be in the form of tablets or inject directly into the vein.
  • Biological therapy. Biological therapy works by using treatments to help the immune system identify and attack leukemia cells.
  • The targeted therapy is widely used in cancer treatment, which is a method of using biological drugs to prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells, interventions into specific molecules in the mechanism of cancer and tumor growth. For example, Imatinib (Gleevec) prevents the activity of protein in leukemia cells of people with chronic bone marrow leukemia, thereby helping to control the disease.
  • Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses X -rays or other high energy beams to bombarded leukemia cells and prevent their growth. During radiation therapy, the patient lies on the table next to a large machine moving around the direction of radiation to the exact point of the body. The patient is radiation in a specific area of ​​the body, where there is an leukemia cell, or radiation across the entire body of the patient. Radiation therapy can be used to prepare for stem cell transplantation.
  • Stem cell transplant. Stem cell transplant is a procedure to replace bone marrow with healthy bone marrow. Before stem cell transplantation, the patient will be chemotherapy or high doses of radiation to kill the bone marrow. After that, the patient was transmitted hematopoietic stem cells to help rebuild the bone marrow.

    • See also:

  • Leukemia The granulocyte (CML): Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
  • What disease increases the leukemia?
  • Potential signs of leukemia

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