Liver cancer

Liver cancer's disease overview

What is

liver cancer? Liver cancer is an uncontrolled growth and development of cancer cells in the liver. According to Globocan 2018, in Vietnam, liver cancer ranks first, including mortality and new cases.

Depending on the origin of malignant tumors divided into primary liver cancer and metastatic liver cancer.Primary liver cancer

primary liver tumors developed from the components of the liver parenchyma including epithelial tumors:

  • Liver cell cancer (HCC)
  • Cancer cancer of the tumor is derived from liver cells
  • Bilateral cell cancer in the liver is derived from biliary cells

    • mixed cancer (cholangio hepatocarcinoma

    Tumors that grow from the middle tissue are often rare including blocks

  • Vascular tumors

    • liver cells

    smooth muscle

    Use metastatic liver cancer

    about 40% of malignant tumors can metastasize the liver, of which 95% of the primary masses belong to the bloodstream system of the door system (stomach. Thick, small intestine, colon, pancreas and bile ducts). In addition, the primary blocks can be breast, lungs, thyroid glands, genital organs. Metastatic lesions may have a few small blocks on a healthy liver. Sometimes many blocks or a large block. Some special bodies may encounter:

  • The cystic metastases have images like liver cyst or abscess. It can deposit with fluid - fluid, this form is common in metastatic muscle cancer, melanoma, mucus cancer,

    • Calcification body is usually scattered or encountered with colon or ovary mucus.

    Blood -rich metastases often seen in endocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors, pancreas, adrenal skin), cancer of pregnancy, kidney cancer.

  • Did spreading spread: spreading lesions in the form of rafts, difficult structures are common in kidney cancer.
    • lymph metastasis: damage to the branch vein strip.

    Causes of Liver cancer's disease

  • Cirrhosis: Liver cancer is common on cirrhosis, accounting for up to 80%. Causes that can lead to cancer cirrhosis include alcoholic cirrhosis, secondary cirrhosis due to hepatitis B virus infection, hepatitis C virus leading to liver cell cancer after 20-40 years, cirrhosis Due to iron infection. However, there is still an incidence of hepatitis B and C virus infections, although there is no cirrhosis still has liver cancer.
  • Using prolonged contraceptives can also be The cause of liver cancer . Using birth control pills for a long time to create adenoma (gland tumor) in the liver easily progresses into liver cell carcinoma.

    • Aflatoxin of Aspergillus mushrooms present in foods such as peanuts, moldy beans can also be the cause of liver cancer.

    Symptoms of Liver cancer's disease

    Patients may detect accidentally liver cancer, although there is no clinical symptoms in periodic monitoring 3 - 6 months with liver cancer symptoms:

    Mechanical symptoms
  • jaundice (Jaundice): is the most common symptom, often most visible when exposed to sunlight. Jaundice is the result of biliary obstruction caused by tumors. Bilirubin (bilirubin) reflux from the biliary tract into the liver sinuses, enters the blood and deposits in the skin. Jaundice is often accompanied by faded feces and dark urine (like water).
  • Gold eye: The manifestation of the eye is dark yellow. This sign may appear first or simultaneously with jaundice.
    • itching (pruritus): often accompanied by jaundice but many cases appear before jaundice. The level of itching often increases at night and almost does not respond to dermatological medications. Itching is caused by bile acid deposition in the skin, stimulating sensory nerves.
  • Logging weight: about 30-50% of cases of weight loss at the time of diagnosis. This is the consequence of the process of digestive disorders (anorexia, indigestion, bloating) because there is no bile fluid that is exported to the intestine.
  • Abdominal pain in the liver: Early stage is often vague, unclear. When abdominal pain is often due to complications of biliary obstruction.
    • physical symptoms
  • large liver, which can be touched on the ribs with soft density in 25% of cases.
  • Localities: rarely touch the local liver block

    • Transmission route of Liver cancer's diseaseLiver cancer

    Because the infection of hepatitis B and C virus can cause liver cancer, it is important to pay attention to the transmission of direct contact with blood and sex that can spread the hepatitis virus. And liver cancer itself is not transmitted.

    People at risk for Liver cancer's disease

    Those who have manifested cirrhosis, alcoholism for many years, infection of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus need periodic health examination to detect liver cancer early for timely treatment.

    Prevention of Liver cancer's disease

    Vaccination vaccination against hepatitis B virus can minimize the risk of hepatitis B virus infection that causes liver cancer. Do not eat foods like peanuts, soy sauce.

    Diagnostic measures for Liver cancer's disease

    History need to find out the risk factors for patients who have been infected with hepatitis B, C or both? Status of using alcohol and beer? Having been in contact with toxins or chemicals?

    Diagnosis to identify primary liver cell cancer has one of the following three criteria (according to the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cell cancer of the Ministry of Health)

  • There is evidence of pathological anatomy is primary liver cancer.
  • Typical images on abdominal cylinders with contrast or MRI with magnetic barriers+ AFP> 400 ng/ml
  • Typical images on abdominal cylinders with contrast or MRI abdominal mri with magnetic barriers + AFP increases higher than usual (but less than 400 ng/ml) + contaminated with hepatitis virus virus B or C. can be a liver biopsy if the clinician found it necessary
  • Cases that do not meet the above criteria must be a liver biopsy for determining diagnosis

    • Typical images on CT or MRI abdominal cavity: The tumor increases on the above, the liver artery and the above drug escape, the portal vein is slow or the tumor decreases on the top, it has not been injected contrast and upper rise, the liver artery.

    Liver cancer's disease treatments

    Some treatments for liver cancer are applied including:

  • Liver transplant
  • RFA Radiofrequency Ablation: Breaking u by high -frequency waves, essentially radio AC radio waves are increasing friction between ions of tissue. Heat due to friction drying the surrounding tissue leads to dehydration in cells and tumor necrosis.

    • microwave ablation: Burn the liver with microwave

  • percutaneous ethanol or acetic acid ablation: alcohol or acetic acid in the skin tumor

    • TAce (Transarterial Chemoembolization): other arterial chemical button (transarterial oil chemoembolization) Petrochemical button. Radioembolization: Radioactive liver tumor button

    Cryoablation: Thermodynamic is a method of using cold heat such as CO2, ARGON, HELIM to create a temperature of -100 degrees Celsius to destroy the tumor.

    radiation therapy (radiation therapy), radiation (stereotactic radiotherap)

  • Systemic chemicals and molecular biological treatment.

    • See also:

  • What should liver cancer eat? What to avoid?
  • How many stages have cirrhosis? How to detect cirrhosis early?
  • Why is liver cancer in men more than women?
  • Liver cancer - New treatments
  • Screening and early detection of liver cancer

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