Low heart

Low heart's disease overview

Low heart disease, also known as rheumatism, acute rheumatism or rheumatoid fever, is a whole infection, which is manifested in many organs such as the heart, brain, skin, and joints. In which the disease is mainly manifested in the heart and joints. Low heart disease usually develops 2 to 4 weeks after the upper respiratory tract infection.

Low heart disease is an intermediate immune system related to the streptocococcus streptococcus. If not fully treated, within 2 to 3 weeks after bacterial infections in the pharyngeal area, it may progress into low heart disease. The main cause of heart disease in children from 5 years old to 15 years old is due to low heart disease.

Heart rheumatism causes heart damage, in addition the disease also causes joint damage, subcutaneous linkage organization and sometimes brain damage. The disease has an acute phase that has a lot of inflammation, epidemic inflammation, causing fever and causing many heart lesions.

So far low heart disease is still an important disease in third countries that have a low economy. Every year, there are about 15 million new cases in the US, but this rate has been greatly reduced due to the use of antibiotics for treatment and preventive disease. 

Low heart disease is a whole heart inflammation, which is manifested in endocarditis, pericarditis, myocarditis or a combination of all three cases. Small inflammation lesions scattered everywhere in the heart are the characteristic lesions of the heart.

  • The endocarditis is the most serious and common damage, the most obvious changes in endocarditis are in the endothelial covering the valves of the left heart such as mitral valves and valves aorta. First, on the surface of the inflamed valves, then this ulcer and lesions will facilitate the formation of small warts that prefer ruler from 1 to 2 cm, very easy to crush. This lump will be organized and into fibrous scars. 

    • Myocarditis is caused by Aschoff particles. These particles will cause heart muscle destruction, but these lesions are usually small and have little dysfunction. However, the cause of arrhythmias and conduction disorders in the heart is due to the large lesions that are located in the heart neurotransmitter area.

  • Cardacial inflammation is often serum with little blood silk and never chemical pus, common in children and accounts for about 85%. ASCHOFF particles localize in the fiber membrane and organize the layer of underneath. The pericarditis often cures and will not leave sequelae, but may be caused by fibrosis and two leaves of the pericardium. 

    • Causes of Low heart's disease

    The cause of low heart disease so far is still unclear, although scientists have shown that the infection due to streptococcus in the throat and in the upper respiratory tract plays a decisive role. 

    After a period of low fever pharyngitis usually occurs for 2 weeks. This is enough time for the antigen of the bacteria to form antibodies against infections, thereby the immune response occurs. However, the immune response caused damage to the organization of the heart and a series of other organs at that time. It is thought that antibodies against antigens of bacteria have cross -reaction with antigens, similarly found in human hearts and associated organizations in other places.

    After the sore throat is caused by streptococcal, the incidence of the disease is about 3%, this proves that only some people have the same antigen as of the streptococcal. Those antigens include:

  • Hyaluronate component in the glycoprotein of the heart valve is similar
  • Myocardial fiber membrane is similar to the antigen of the streptococcal membrane

    • The main toxin of the hemorrhagic streptococcal group A is the myosin of the heart muscle as the Mopic protein.

    Patients who are in bacterial infections find antibodies of streptococcal antibodies called aslo or Aso and Hyaluronidase. However, in some cases, ASO also increased before low fever or found in people who are easy to perceive, when there are heart changes like in myocardial infarction, so this antibody titration is not considering. Basic solution.

    In addition to the physical immune response, in the heart low, there is also an immune response through the cell intermediaries related to macrophages and T lymphocytes, so heart lesions may be due to both mechanisms. All happen.

    Symptoms of Low heart's disease

    Symptoms of low heart disease include:

  • Fever

    • polyarthritis

  • Pain or swelling of redness or combination of both with the characteristics are common in large joints such as knee joints, inherited. After a few days to a week, joint pain is often helped quickly or when taking aspirin or other painkillers and often leaves no sequelae in the joints.
  • Difficulty breathing, chest pain, heartbeat too fast and sometimes too slow
  • The patient has the manifestations of swinging their feet unconsciously like dancing and dancing.
  • Some other manifestations such as the appearance of the Red Red Red Red rash on the skin especially around the joints. Or the button board is the rising rash under the skin. This sign is not popular. 

    • Common complications:

    During acute disease, patients may be affected by myocarditis leading to acute heart failure or arrhythmia. Sometimes even life -threatening.

    Patients often suffer from joint pain and may be accompanied by redness. However, this form of arthritis does not leave any dangerous sequelae. The lesions of the pagoda system causing expression of dance and dance are the effects on the brain, but most brain damage recovers and does not leave sequelae.

    Causes infarction: Due to the pieces of cerebral infarction and limbs, due to endocarditis

    Facilitating the endocarditis of acute and acute semi -infections due to streptococcal.

    Fibrosis of the heart valves: If the entire surface of the heart valve will lead to short -term shrinkage valve and open the heart valve hole. If the fibrosis in the middle of the heart valve will be pulled in the direction of the bustling together, causing the stenosis of the heart valve.

    The most important issue is the recurrence and progression that causes non -restoring damage to the heart valve in the heart low in the heart leading to low heart disease. These lesions will get worse and cause serious effects on the quality of life and longevity of the patient.

    Low or most common heart disease is mitral valve openings, mitral stenosis, aortic valve, ... or combine the lesions of the heart valve.

  • Open heart valve: When the mitral valve is open, the heart squeezes, the mind collects an amount of blood will run through the mitral valve into the left atrium, leading to the irregular left atrial atrium in The inner circuit is called the Mac-Callum array and causes the left atrial relaxation and the left ventricular sincerity thickens. Due to the open mitral valve, in the diastolic amount of blood from the left atrium flows down to the left ventricular more than usual, the left ventricle is increasingly thicker. If you do not adapt, the left ventricle will stretch and lead to heart failure.
  • Aortic valve revealing: When the aortic valve is open, in the diastolic amount of blood from the aorta will flow back to the ventricle (sometimes up to 1/2 of the blood, Combined with the open -leaf valve, the left and right ventricle contains more blood, thus making the left ventricular ventricular and making the left heart failure faster.
  • Valfales of three -leaf valve and pulmonary valve: The lesions of this valve as well as the lesions of the mitral valve and the aortic valve are lighter. Overall, whatever the heart valve of the heart, it leads to the heart relaxation and the heart often has a common image such as: the heart is dilated, the heart is bigger than usual, the heart is round, but on the image of the heart damage, the heart lesions often do not have What is special.

    • Narrow valve narrow: In the diastolic, bloody left ventricular, decreased and will be stagnant in the left atrium. At the end of the centrifugal period, the left and right atrium squeezed strongly to get the blood to the left ventricular. Therefore, it will relax the left atrium and make the blood from the left ventricle less, the less left ventricle is. The blood will decrease when contracting to push the blood on the aorta, gradually the left ventricular will shrink and smaller than usual.

  • Aortic valve stenosis: In the mind, the amount of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta will be less. The left ventricular will work more and more leads to left ventricular hypertrophy and eventually leads to heart failure.
  • Valid stenosis and aortic valve stenosis: Lesions are often similar to mitral stenosis and aortic valve, and often very rare.

    • In reality, narrow lesions or heart valve openings are often rare in heart disease as well as images that cannot be typical as we have described above. P>

    Transmission route of Low heart's diseaseLow heart

    Heart disease is not transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person.

    People at risk for Low heart's disease

    Low or low heart disease can occur at any age, but the disease is common in young children and young people, aged 5 to 15 years old. The disease is more common in women than men. The incidence of disease in women is about 2 times more than men.

    Due to family history, some people carrying genes can cause themselves to have rheumatism

    Rare low heart disease in developed countries, but in developing countries, the disease is still common, especially in places where there is no conditions, nutrition and hygiene are as poor as South Asia or Africa. Particularly in Vietnam, the low rate of heart disease has decreased but there are still many patients hospitalized because of the sequelae of the heart valve, as a result of the heart's low heart.

    Prevention of Low heart's disease

    Heart disease can be prevented to avoid leading to a low valve disease or preventing the progression of the disease worse. 

    Some preventive measures include:

    How to prevent acute disease

  • Health education to raise people's awareness.
  • improve living standards, support people in difficult circumstances, remote areas, ...
  • Hygiene, oral hygiene, nose, and throat to prevent streptococcal infections
  • Avoid cold, eating well to improve the body's resistance.

    • How to prevent a secondary disease when a heart disease is detected, the heart is needed to be low and regular to avoid serious complications to the heart valve.

    Diagnostic measures for Low heart's disease

    Diagnostic heart disease is based on Jone standards including:

    Main standards

  • Polykillant: A redness manifestation of redness in the joints large with clinical characteristics such as not moving joints, and joint pain is moving, from one joint to another. then don't leave sequelae.

    • Heartitis: Hearing heart has a diastolic or systolic blow or extra sound brushes, fast and fast and tap the heart to see the heart loud.

  • Meyet subcutaneous: Mobile, solid, as big as peanuts, even corn kernels, most of them are touched in the joints and spine.
  • Hong Ban: Signs of the Red Roller button show that there are changes in the skin.
    • Dance: Due to neurological disorders leading to non -autonomous movement due to brain damage.

    Supplementary standards

  • Fever
  • Prolonged PR wave electrocardiogram: This test is also known as ECG or EKG to record the electrical signals of the heart and show the inflammation of the heart or function. Poor heart.
  • Increased blood deposit rate

    • Increased leukocytes

    C-Reactin protein positive.

    Ultrasound: Using audio waves to create the image of the heart is displayed on the electronic screen to help the doctor detect heart abnormalities

    Low heart's disease treatments

    Acute low heart disease may occur after the throat infection caused by the streptococcal. If not detected and treated promptly, it may lead to serious complications to the heart valve. So there are two important strategies to treat low heart disease during acute phase:

  • To eliminate streptococcus from the body and prevent the heart of the heart, the heart needs to use antibiotics in time, moreover also reduces the chance of damage to the heart valve. Antibiotics for treatment of low heart disease are simply penicillin as a first drug, if the patient is allergic to penicillin can use some other antibiotics.
  • monthly or every 3 weeks a few years later, the patient needs to be vaccinated with a low heart later with a slow penicillin, depending on the doctor's instructions based on a specific condition. of patients to prevent low heart recurrence.
  • In the acute phase, symptomatic medications such as inflammatory drugs, used to reduce arthritis, especially aspirin. If suffering from severe heart inflammation, corticosteroid drugs may be used.

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