Lower body heat in newborns

Lower body heat in newborns's disease overview

Thermal balance is affected by relative moisture, air flow, direct contact with cold/cool surface, near cool objects and surrounding air temperature. Babies are susceptible to rapid heat loss and thus hypothermia due to the high surface area ratio compared to the volume, even higher in mild infant. There are several mechanisms to lose heat, including:

Radiation heat loss: Bare skin exposed to the environment contains objects with colder temperatures.

Disalysis of heat due to evaporation

Infants are placed in contact with the surface or cool object.

Convection heat loss: A cooler airflow with heat from infants.

Prolonged cold stress that parents do not recognize that they can redirect calories to create heat, make children grow slowly. Babies have a metabolic reaction for cooling related to chemical heat biopsy by releasing the sympathetic nerve of norepinephrine in brown fat (Brown Fat). This specialized adipose tissue is located behind the neck, around the kidneys and adrenal glands, reacting by hydrolyzing fat, then oxidation or re -esterizing released fatty acids. These reactions produce heat and abundant blood supply for brown fat tissue to help transfer heat to the babies. This reaction increases metabolism and consumes oxygen 2 to 3 times. Therefore, in newborns with respiratory failure (for example, premature babies with respiratory failure syndrome), children with cold can also lead to lack of tissue oxygen and nerve damage. Activating glycogen can cause transient hyperglycemia. Prolonged hypothermia can lead to hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis and increase the risk of hematoma.

Despite the compensation mechanism, newborns, especially mild infants, have poor air conditioning ability and easily reduce body temperature.

Thermoneutrality is the optimal temperature area for babies; It is defined as the environmental temperature at which the need for metabolism to maintain body temperature within normal range (36.5 to 37.5 ° C in the rectum) is the lowest. Neutral thermal environment has a narrow range of 36.7 ° to 37.3 ° C.

Causes of Lower body heat in newborns's disease

Ethnicity in infants can be caused by environmental factors, disorders of the body to reduce temperature (such as hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, cessation syndrome) or combined. The factors in the delivery room of the medical facility causes babies to lower body temperature, including: giving birth in areas with an environmental temperature below the recommendation, mothers hypertension, caesarean section and low apgar points. P>

Symptoms of Lower body heat in newborns's disease

Signs of lower body temperature body include:

The skin is blue and hands (Acrocyanosis), cool, pale skin

Hypoglycemia

Transient hyperglycemia

Arrhythmia

Difficulty breathing, restlessness, shallow respiratory and irregular '

Respiratory failure, apnea, deficiency of blood, metabolic acidosis

Reducing activity, indifference, hypotension

Crying weakly, poor sucking

Weight loss

Complications of lower body temperature in children

Treatment of lower body heat in infants are very important to avoid risks and potentially life -threatening complications. Increasing cell metabolism occurs when babies try to keep warm, leading to an increase in oxygen consumption, causing babies to lack oxygen, cardiovascular complications and acidosis. These newborn babies are also at risk of hypoglycemia due to increased glucose consumption necessary for heat production. Neurological complications, hyperlirubin blood, coagulation disorders, and even death if the body's lower body condition is not treated.

Transmission route of Lower body heat in newborns's diseaseLower body heat in newborns

Hypothermia in infants is not infectious, so it is not transmitted to other children.

People at risk for Lower body heat in newborns's disease

Premature babies

Children causing oxygen deficiency for cell metabolism

Babies born or raised in low -temperature environments such as cold room temperature, sliding window, children are not warmed, due to wet clothes, parents For children to bathe for a long time, cold bath water.

Care for treatment or positive resuscitation for a long time but children are not warmed

Children with infections and other pathologies cause children to deplet energy and lower body temperature

Prevention of Lower body heat in newborns's disease

Maintaining the appropriate environmental temperature is the most important step in preventing body temperature in infants. The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 25 ° C to 28 ° C and the newborn is immediately dried after birth, using skin -to -skin measures to the mother.

Premature babies who have a lower body temperature when taken to a special care unit for babies will increase the incidence of disease and death. When the temperature in the delivery room and the operating room have shown to reduce the rate of lower body temperature when entering the special care department. Therefore, the American Academy of PediaTrics and the American College Of Cardiology/ACC) recommend that babies and surgery (especially premature babies) have temperature From 23 ° C to 25 ° C. Because increasing room temperature at birth can cause heat loss for cool surfaces and convection heat loss, so the delivery room and the operating room should be maintained at a continuous recommended temperature.

At the time when babies are born, babies should be dried immediately and then wrap the diaper (including the head) in a warm blanket to avoid evaporation, heat conductivity and loss of convection heat. For premature babies, the placement of polyetylene bags immediately after birth has been studied to help maintain the child's temperature.

When babies should be placed next to a heater to avoid heat loss. For infants with illness should be maintained in a neutral heat environment to minimize metabolic rate. The appropriate incubator temperature varies depending on the birth weight of the newborn and the age after birth and the humidity in the incubator. In addition, the heating system can be adjusted with the mechanism to maintain skin temperature of 36.5 ° C.

Diagnostic measures for Lower body heat in newborns's disease

Based on the aforementioned symptoms and measuring children with mercury thermometer or electronic thermometers, the doctor may detect babies who lower body temperature .

Lower body heat in newborns's disease treatments

Lower body temperature (body temperature 35-36.3 ° C):

Skin contact, in a warm room (at least 25 ° C).

Mothers and babies wrapped with warm blankets

Moderate body temperature (body temperature 32-34.9 ° C)

Located under the heating lamp

for children to lie in the kettle

Put warm water mattresses

If there is no device available, you can use skin -to -skin measures to the mother in a warm room (at least 25 ° C)

Severe body temperature (body temperature below 32 ° C)

Use incubators (should be placed higher than body temperature from 1 to 1.5 ° C) and should be adjusted when the newborn temperature increases

If there is no device, you can use skin measures or a warm room

See also:

detect signs of infant abnormalities at home

The position of body temperature measurement identifies children with fever

Fever in children: Instructions on how to measure accurate temperature - When to be treated?

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