Melasma

Melasma's disease overview

Melasma is a problem that is not too strange for women, which is the condition that the skin appears brown or gray browns on the skin. Melasma is the most common type of skin pigmentation, skin pigmentation changes may occur on the skin, lips, forehead, chin, nose waves. In addition, the disease can also be seen in different places on the body, especially the skin that regularly comes into contact with the sun like the skin of the arm or neck.

Melasma is the most common in women 20-50 years old (women of reproductive age), in which melasma in pregnant women and melasma after birth quite popular. Men rarely have more skin pigmentation than women. The disease is also related to geography, races, skin color when Asian women, skin color have a higher skin pigmentation rate than white women.

Causes of Melasma's disease

The cause of skin pigmentation can be explained by secondary pigment disorders. This may come from endogenous, exile or sometimes a combination of both.

The cause of endogenous
  • Aging is an indispensable process of the skin.

    • Hormonal changes: Melasma may occur in pregnant women or women after birth ; People who use birth control pills or hormonal replacement, melasma can also be encountered in patients with hormonal diseases in the thyroid and ovaries.

    Prolonged stress.

  • Mercury poisoning, lead, corticosteroids, ... found in cosmetics.

    • Basic. external causes

  • intense sunlight: UVA, UVB radiation rays in the sun stimulate dark cells, especially This is on the skin with hidden allergies caused by chemicals, which will directly cause skin pigmentation disorders, and promote skin aging, skin cancer and indirect skin pigmentation.
  • Inflammatory disease, toxic infection.

    • Local skin allergies.

  • Nutrition: lack of fresh fruits, lack of essential vitamins.

    • Symptoms of Melasma's disease

    How are skin pigmentation?

    Disorders of hyperpigmentation occur in each skin patch, making the skin more darker than usual. Locations or exposure to the sun such as face, neck, arm ... are positions that often have skin pigmentation. Especially melasma on the face often symmetrical on both sides.

    Distinguish skin pigmentation and freckles?

    Melasma

    Melasma is dark spots with many degrees of lightness. Often symmetrical appearance on the cheeks, upper lips, chin, forehead, ... Melasma is characterized by dark colors, brown or dark yellow, with many sizes but often larger than freckles.

    Freckles

    Freckles are also hyperpigmentation, but not like the skin pigmentation is quite typical, freckles have more diverse colors with dark brown, light brown, yellow, red, gray, black . The freckle varies with sunlight intensity, so in the summer, freckles are darker than winter. The size of freckles is usually smaller than the skin pigmentation, the spots can be small as the toothpick to sesame seeds.

    People at risk for Melasma's disease

  • Women: Women are at risk of skin pigmentation much higher than men, up to 90% of skin pigmentation patients in the United States are women.
  • Dodnians: in Asia, Mediterranean, Middle East, North Africa, African -American, ...
  • Family history of people with melasma.

    • Use hormones estrogen and external progesterone.

  • Thyroid disease.
  • Stress.

    • Prevention of Melasma's disease

    The treatment of melasma is usually not simple and quite expensive. However, the following measures can help prevent skin pigmentation problems in general and skin pigmentation in particular.

  • Avoid exposure to sunlight from 10am to 15h: Because at this time the radiation rays are most active and can damage the skin.
  • Apply sunscreen: Before going out, apply sunscreen before 15-30 minutes, the selected sunscreen requires a minimum SPS index of 30. After every 2 hours or more times if the skin is sweating or swimming.
  • Shielding the skin with sunscreen: wide -brimmed hats, clothes or sunscreen skirts can limit the direct impact of the sun on the skin.
  • Nutrition: Fresh vegetables can help skin healthy, beautiful. Drinking plenty of water is also essential for the skin as well as other activities of the body. A diet rich in vitamins A, E, C or Omega-3, ... will repel the skin aging process, minimize the risk of melasma. Limiting alcohol, hot foods, skin -skinned foods can limit skin pigmentation as well as other pigmentation problems on the skin.
  • Using safe cosmetics: Cosmetics can contain harmful substances for the skin, including skin abrasion and make the skin more susceptible to melasma. Therefore, do not use cosmetics of unknown origin, unsafe cosmetics for the skin, and one thing to note is to choose the right cosmetic for each skin type of each person. P>
  • Go to a dermatologist when there are skin problems: Do not leave the skin pigmentation too long before going to the doctor, because the early detection and treatment will be effective. higher. Absolutely do not arbitrarily use drugs or products of unknown origin, because it can make skin pigmentation heavier.

    • Diagnostic measures for Melasma's disease

    The doctor will examine the damaged skin to diagnose melasma. Specialists can use Wood lamps - a specialized tool at the dermatology clinic to determine more exactly the skin damage. In addition, in certain cases, biopsy can also be indicated to check the serious condition in the patient's skin.

    Melasma's disease treatments

    Skin melasma treatment is usually not easy. Patients usually take up to 6 months - 1 year for a treatment process. Doctors often coordinate many measures to achieve high efficiency in the treatment of melasma, depending on each specific case.

    In addition to topical topical medication prescribed by a doctor, if you want to treat melasma, you need to change your diet and diet. A reasonable diet plays an important role in treating melasma. Glutathione -rich foods like tomatoes can prevent the formation of melasma. Selenium -rich foods such as bamboo shoots, mushrooms, eggs, seafood, ... help prevent melasma recurrence. The addition of foods rich in vitamin C and E is also essential to get a healthy skin, limiting the formation of melasma. Foods that cause irritation such as chili, pepper, alcohol, ... also need to be limited.

    Sunscreen is also an important factor in the effective treatment of melasma, especially from 10 to 15:00 daily is when the sun has very high UV rays that are very harmful to the skin, prevent the effectiveness of melasma treatment. skin. Applying sunscreen is essential to protect the skin from dangerous solar radiation. Besides, the measures to avoid physical sunshine such as sunscreen, hat, masks, gloves, ... also need to be done to bring treatment effect.

    See also:

  • Hormonal disorders

    • Distinguish skin pigmentation due to hormonal disorders from conventional skin pigmentation

  • "Miracles" return the face to people who have 10 years of skin cancer

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