Myocardial

Myocardial's disease overview

Myocardial disease is a group of heart muscle diseases that are very important and heterogeneous, accounting for the incidence and high mortality. The group of heart muscle diseases is associated with mechanical dysfunction and electrical function or combining both, often appearing hypertrophy or inappropriate ventricular relaxation. Myocardial disease can be limited mainly in the heart (primary myocardial disease) or form a part of general body disorders (secondary myocardial disease). 

Myocardial disease is a disease that describes the abnormal condition of the heart muscle condition, a progressive type of heart disease that makes the heart expand, thicken or harden. 

There are three most common types of myocardial diseases: dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and limited cardiomyopathy.

Demonstrate myocardial disease: is the most common form of myocardial disease, common in middle -aged men. Demonstration occurs when the left ventricle, the main heart chamber is responsible for pumping blood to feed the body, dilated, making the heart unable to pump blood effectively. Cardiac disease is often a result of a number of diseases such as long -term hypertension, coronary heart disease, chemotherapy, drug addiction or alcoholism. In some cases, the cause of the disease may not be detected.

Enth effective myocardial disease: is the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle wall, which occurs mainly in the left ventricular wall. Bệnh có thể gặp ở mọi lứa tuổi, và thường liên quan đến yếu tố gia đình, do có chứa gen đột biến gây cơ tim phì đại. Những người bệnh mắc cơ tim phì đại khi chụp X - quang sẽ thể hiện tim to, do đó thường được gọi là bóng tim to.

Restricted myocardial disease: A ventricular chamber does not afford to relax to be filled with blood, reducing diastolic function. This is a common type of myocardial disease, often caused by endothelial fibrosis.

Causes of Myocardial's disease

The exact cause of myocardial disease has not been clearly defined so far. But one of the following risk factors may be the cause of disease development including:

  • Genetics
  • prolonged hypertension
  • Myocardial myocardial damage

    • People who suffer from cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, valve disease, arrhythmia, ...

    People with metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism and obesity

  • complications during pregnancy
  • Lack of some essential vitamins and minerals such as vitamin B1
  • Use chemotherapy or radiation to treat cancer

    • Alcoholism

    drug use

  • Having a number of diseases that cause heart muscle damage such as hemochromatosis is an excessive accumulation of iron in the body, amyloidosis (abnormal accumulation of a protein called amyloid), or sarcoidosis (the development of abnormal inflammatory foci in many organs in the body). 
  • Another cause that few people notice is metabolic disorders such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes, and obesity.

    • Symptoms of Myocardial's disease

    In the early stages of myocardial disease , the patient may not have any signs and symptoms. But until the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:

  • Difficulty breathing in exertion
  • when lying down
  • Lower Chi Chi, ankles and feet
    • tired

    Arrhythmic disorders, abnormal heartbeat, blood vessel reactions during exercise.

  • Chest pain, chest drum, chest compression
  • Dizziness, feel dizzy and may faint
  • If the blood clot formation in the left ventricular ventricular relaxes and this blood clot may be broken and interrupted blood flow to the brain, leading to a stroke. Dynamic blood clots can also block blood flow to the organs in the abdomen.
  • Suddenly

    • Myocardial disease occurs when the function and structure of the heart muscle are changed, reducing the ability to pump blood of the heart. The disease may lead to serious complications if not detected and treated early. Cardiovascular complications include:

    Cardiac complications

    Over time, myocardial disease can lead to many serious complications including:

  • heart failure: When the heart muscle wall becomes thick, hard, the heart will not be able to pump blood effectively and eventually lead to heart failure.

    • thrombosis: The inefficient blood pump of the heart may increase the risk of blood clot formation in the heart. If these blood clots follow the blood out of the heart, it can clog the coronary artery or the cerebral artery causing myocardial infarction, stroke.

    Cardiac disease: The structural change of the heart muscle wall can also affect the heart valves, causing 2 -leaf heart valve.

    Cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac arrest and sudden death: Cardiac disease can disrupt the activity of the electromagnetic system, causing arrhythmia, leading to fainting or sudden death Due to the sudden stoppy heartbeat.

    may have some other signs and symptoms, but not mentioned because of its popularity. Therefore, if the patient has unusual symptoms, it is necessary to immediately notify the doctor for accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.

    Transmission route of Myocardial's diseaseMyocardial

    Myocardial disease is not transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person but is often related to family factors. People with mutant genes can cause hypertrophic heart muscle.

    People at risk for Myocardial's disease

    Cardiac disease may be encountered at any age but most common in middle -aged men, and in cases such as:

  • People with hypertension, alcoholism, drugs, ...
  • People with relatives, parents, ... have a history of myocardial disease susceptible to congenital heart disease

    • Those who treat cancer, use a lot of chemotherapy and radiation.

    The proportion of people with dilated heart muscle disease is 6-8/100,000 people. This is a serious illness that has a high risk of death. The mortality rate of patients after 5 years is 35% to 10 years is 70%.

    The factors that increase the risk of developing dilatation heart disease include:

  • Severe coronary artery disease
  • Thyroid disease

    • diabetes

    Abnormalities in the heart valve

    Alcoholism

    Virus heart -infected heart

    Using toxic drugs for the heart

  • Postpartum women suffering from cardiac disease

    • Prevention of Myocardial's disease

    Change of lifestyle plays an important role in determining most effectively in the treatment of myocardial disease. Not only that also helps prevent disease:

  • Healthy diet with heart, eat lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, reduce salt and limit fat
  • Maintain healthy stable weight
  • Relieve stress, pressure
  • Physical activity, sports, exercise regularly every day at least 30 minutes
  • Do not use stimulants such as smoking, pipe tobacco, no alcohol, ...
  • Do not work hard

    • Diagnostic measures for Myocardial's disease

    Some measures used to diagnose myocardial disease such as:

  • Chest X-ray: X-ray image of the heart will indicate whether the heart is big

    • Echocardiography: Ultrasound is to use sound waves to create the image of the heart, from this image can check the size, function of the heart and even movements when Heart beat.

    ECG (ECG)

    Magnetic resonance (MRI)

  • Computer computers (CT)

    • Blood test

  • Genetic or screening tests

    • Cardiac

    Myocardial's disease treatments

    Detecting and treating early cardiomyopathy is very important, not only helps limit the progression of the disease but also helps to prolong the life for patients. There are many measures to treat myocardial disease such as medical treatment to reduce symptoms and improve prognosis. Control heart failure by treating drugs such as beta inhibitors, diuretic, ... anticoagulants used to prevent the formation of blood clots. Some specific treatments are as follows:

  • Change of healthy lifestyle
  • Medication
  • Supporting intervention or surgery to support equipment
  • Heart transplant

    • Medication for myocardial disease

    The drugs used in the treatment of myocardial disease can help reduce the symptoms of the disease and prevent complications, including:

  • Anti -arrhythmia helps normal heartbeat.

    • Hydropulation drugs such as ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers ...

  • Blood clot formation prevention drugs.

    • Inflammatory drugs like corticosteroids.

  • Diuretics help eliminate liquid and sodium salts from the body.
  • Electrolyte balancing drugs such as Aldosterone, helping muscles and nerves to work correctly, prevent heart failure, high blood pressure and other disorders.

    • Surgical methods

  • Septal myectomy surgery: This surgery will be partially removed of the myocardial partition thickening or in combination with the repair of a valve.
  • Surgery to support cardiac support: Some devices such as cardiology (CRT), ICD deformity (ICD), heart rate, support device The left ventricular support (LVAD) will be implanted, connected to the heart to help the heart work better.
    • heart transplantation: A method of patient will be replaced with a heart with a heart of a healthy person donated. But this is only the last option after other methods are not effective.

    Lifestyle changes

    Changing a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in treatment, most of them determine the effectiveness of myocardial treatment:

  • healthy eating dynamic, eating lots of green vegetables, fruits, reducing salinity, less salt and limiting fat eating.
  • Maintain weight

    • Physical activity

  • Relieve stress
  • Smoking and smoking

    • However, depending on the health and progress of each patient, the doctor will offer appropriate treatment

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