Neuromuscularity

Neuromuscularity's disease overview

Neuromuscular tumor is the most common cancer in the first five years of life. The average age is 19 months with 89% of patients under 5 years old and 98% of patients under 10 years old.

In children's nerves are more common in boys than girls. In malignant nervous cell tumor developed from nerve tissues near the spinal cord such as neck, chest, abdomen or pelvis but most of the adrenal glands (adrenal glands are a small gland located at the top of the kidneys has the function of secreting the important functions of the body such as heart rate or blood pressure).

Neurological cells are mature nerve cells detected in the fetus. Normal mature neurons become neurons or adrenal cells. Neuromuscular tumor forms when neurons disorders mature processes. Most neuromuscular tumors were discovered when the cancer has spread to the organs: lymph nodes, liver, lungs, bones, bone marrow ...

Neuromuscular tumor is divided into 3 low, medium and high levels of risk:

  • The low -risk group is common in young children, high cure ability only by surgery
  • The high risk group has a low cure rate, although nerve tumors. Very sensitive to chemicals and radiation.

    • Causes of Neuromuscularity's disease

    Causes of nerve tumors are divided into 2 types:

    Neuromuscular tumor related to genetics
  • about 1-2% of children with nerve tumors are related to family factors. Children tend to develop disease earlier than 9-13 months old.
  • Children often show signs of 2 or more agencies

    • Causes related to genetic arrangement disorders, chromosomes abnormalities show loss or rearrangement of short branches of chromosomes No. 1 or No. 10,14,17, 19. The cancer gene is located in the P36 branch of the No. 1 chromosome and the precancerous N-myc gene is located on the short branch of chromosomes. MDR gene (drug resistance gene).

    Therefore the genetic test identifies chromosomes or the amplification of the gene participating in cancer, especially the N-MYC gene is necessary and important in the Article Treatment and prognosis. Neuromuscular skin is not related to genetic

    The cause is not clarified.

    Symptoms of Neuromuscularity's disease

    Symptoms of nerve tumors often have silent start, tumor can appear any position of the sympathetic nervous system:

  • The tumor in the abdomen: Common in the adrenal gland, the patient comes from the large abdomen with fever, diarrhea, pale skin.
  • Tumors in the neck, mediastinum: often accompanied by cough, edema neck, shortness of breath.
  • Signs panda eyes : Eye convex, hemorrhage around the eye sockets (also known as Hutchinson syndrome)
  • Diarrhea caused by VIP tumor 0 vasoactive intestinal polypeptide)

    • Big liver, pain in the bone

  • Systemic signs: fever, fatigue, weight loss, anemia, infection
  • Symptoms of close-up: shaking eyes, convulsions.
  • Symptoms of metastasis: 50% have metastasis into bone marrow, liver and skin. The disease can metastasize zone and nervous system.
    • Neuromuscular skin is divided into 4 stages:
  • Stage 1: U u, completely removed, negative cutting, no There is lymph node metastasis
  • Stage 2a: U on one spot cannot be completely removed, no lymph nodes
  • Stage 2b: U on one side can be removed or not, with metastatic lymph nodes and the side of the tumor

    • Stage 3: Tumor invasive through the middle line with or without the metastatic area of ​​the area or the one side tumor, the metastases of the opposite lymph nodes or the wide spreading on both sides of the lymph nodes

    Stage 4: There is metastatic lymphadenopathy, bone, bone marrow, liver or other organs ...

    People at risk for Neuromuscularity's disease

  • Children, especially children under 5 years old

  • Children with genetic, genetic and chromosomes disorders

    Prevention of Neuromuscularity's disease

  • There is no specific measure to prevent neuromuscular disease
  • Let children go for a special health check for children with high risk factors: families have sick people

    • Children with disease should be examined and treated at a reputable medical facility.  

    Diagnostic measures for Neuromuscularity's disease

    Diagnosis is based on the following tests:

    Diagnosis of imaging

    ultrasound, computerized tomography, bone radiography, Pet-CT scan

    Bone marrow tests:
  • Bone biopsy: Apply in case of unknown or difficult to access primary tumor
    • biochemical test:
  • Quantitizing blood calcium levels
  • Quantitable cathecholamine (dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) or metabolites of Cathecholamine (HMA, VMA)
  • Urine tests: VMA and HMA are in 90-95% of patients with neuromuscular tumors
    • Genetic impression test:
  • N-MYC gene amplification test
  • DNA tests: Disorders such as 1P segment loss, Lost paragraph 11Q.
    • Anatomy

    According to Shimada, there are 3 types of nerve tumors:

    + Neuromuscular tumor

    + Neuromonular tumor

    + Neurom ganglion

    Neuromuscularity's disease treatments

    Treatment of neuromuscular tumors includes 3 main methods: surgery, radiation and chemicals:

    Chemicals:
  • Basic measures in neuromuscular tumors
  • Cell poisoning used as alkyl group, anthracyclin, platinum group, Camptotecin group ...
    • Radiation:
  • High -risk neurons are very sensitive to radiation but do not use radiotherapy to treat the root by the risk of distant metastases of the disease. >
  • radiation applies in case of non -removable tumor, scattered disease position, remaining lesions after surgery. /Li> surgery:
  • Helps remove tumors
  • Surgery plays an important role in diagnosis but not the choice of treatment of cases of tumors High risk nerve. Surgery helps to confirm the diagnosis of providing samples for genetic research.

    • See also:

  • Brain tumor in children: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
  • tell your children about cancer. ?
  • How to treat children's cancer?

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