Nose polyps

Nose polyps's disease overview

What is

nasal polyps?

nasal polyps are a very common form of a healthy tumor, which can be simply in the nasal cavity or can be in the sinuses or in both sinuses and nose. The nature of the nasal polyps is actually not a tumor but the local degeneration of the nasal or sinus mucosa, mainly the buffer class. Polyps are soft, smooth, clear, light pink. The nasal polyps have an external structure that is epithelium with cylindrical cells, square or flat cell walls, inside is an associated organization with fiber cells to form a loose layer, containing mucus.

Small nasal polyps often cause less symptoms, but large polyps can hinder respiratory trigger, making patients short of breath and olfactory reduction. They can also cause dull headaches and snoring. Some rare cases, too large polyps can change the face shape.

Medicines are often used to treat small polyps. As for large polyps, surgery is needed to remove. If not nasal polyps , so that the prolonged condition will cause the nasal cavity to be expanded, the polyps stick to the front nasal door, hang on the back door, damage the nasal cavity.

Causes of Nose polyps's disease

The nasal polyps are formed from the mucosa of the nose or the sinuses (are the four empty compartments above and behind the nose).  This is the consequence of continuing inflammatory reactions caused by bacterial or viral infections, caused by allergies or the body's immune reaction against fungi. The chronic inflammation causes blood vessels in the nasal or sinus mucosa to increase permeability, thereby facilitating water to accumulate in tissues. Over time, these water stasis tissue will be affected by the gravity pulled down, accumulated, forming polyps.

Based on the above basic principle, risk factors for the formation of nasal polyps include:

  • Asthma: This is the cause of the respiratory tract.

    • Fungal allergic sinusitis: Heavy allergy to mushrooms in the environment.

  • Chronic sinusitis.
  • sensitive to aspirin or non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-nsaids).

    • cystic fibrosis, genetic disorders leading to the production and secretion of abnormal fluids, especially mucus from the nose and sinus film.

  • Churg-Strauss syndrome: This is a rare disease that causes vasculitis (vasculitis).

    • Genetic factors can also contribute to the formation of nasal polyps.

    Symptoms of Nose polyps's disease

    Small polyps often do not cause serious problems, but if they are large they will clog and cause shortness of breath. This leads to mouth breathing, especially in cases of children's nose polyps.

    Symptoms and other signs of nasal polyps include:

  • Slogable nasal congestion.
  • Ninny nose regularly.

    • Regular nosebleeds.

  • Reduce or lose smell.
  • loss of taste.
  • Facial pain or headache.
  • Pain in the upper molars.
  • Feeling heavy on the face and forehead.
  • A lot of snoring.
  • Dull headache.
  • Chronic sinusitis.

    • People at risk for Nose polyps's disease

    Nasal polyps can occur with everyone, but often in people over the age of 40 and in children with diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic sinusitis, runny nose and lung fibrosis. P>

    Prevention of Nose polyps's disease

    Nasal polyps may be congenital or developed in the process of maturity. This disease cannot be absolutely prevented. However, the risk of developing or recurring nasal polyps by the following measures:

  • Control of bronchial and allergies.
  • Stay away from the environment with stimulants, substances that can cause inflammation or nose and sinus irritation such as smoke, dust, ...

    • Hand hygiene regularly with soap to avoid infection of bacteria or viruses causing rhinitis and sinuses.

  • Use physiological saline to clean the nose and sinus daily. Salt water can help reduce inflammation in the nose as well as dry the mucus causing a stuffy nose. Salt also helps slow the production of adiponectin inflammation in the body.
  • Strengthen the immune system by a healthy living regime: get enough sleep, apply a balanced diet and exercise regularly.

    • Diagnostic measures for Nose polyps's disease

    To diagnose nasal polyps, the doctor will carefully ask the medical history and nose examination. Information collected based on:

  • Surveying questions about symptoms, nose tests.

    • Endoscopy. allergic test.

  • Imaging diagnosis; Sometimes CT scan is needed to determine the exact size and position of the polyp.

    • Other tests: For children with polyps, it is necessary to do more tests for cystic fibrosis (genetic condition affecting mucus production glands, tears , sweat, saliva and digestive fluids).

    Pediatric patients with both nasal and runny nose polyps should be tested for skin allergies because they can provide more important information about allergic reactions. These tests often do not cause any inconvenience for children and the execution time is less than 30 minutes.

    Nose polyps's disease treatments

    Is nasal polyps dangerous?

    nasal polyps although not directly dangerous to life but can lead to other dangerous complications such as:

  • Acute or chronic sinusitis.

    • Sleep apnea: A dangerous condition in which the patient will stop breathing and breathe several times while sleeping (Sleep Apnea).

  • Facial deformation: The structure of the face is transformed, causing a parallel or two eyes apart. This complication is rare and often occurs in patients with cystic fibrosis.

    • Therefore, experts recommend going to medical facilities immediately to check when detecting any signs of the disease.Based on the level of polyps and the patient's systemic condition, the doctor will advise the most appropriate treatment. The current measures used to treat nasal polyps are divided into two main categories:

    Medical treatment: use drugs.

  • In case of one or more small nasal polyps, it is possible to use inflammatory reactions, increase the air through the nose and shrink the polyps. The commonly used drugs are corticosteroids such as:

  • Fluticasone (Flonase)
  • triamcinolone (Nasacort)
    • budesonide (Rhinocort)
  • flunisolide (Nasarel)

    • Mometasone (Nasonex)

  • Anti -allergy drugs and infections. Besides the treatment of polyps, attention should be paid to control allergies and infections. Antihistamine drugs are used to combat allergies due to the body exposed to allergens (also called raw allergies). Although these drugs, although they do not remove polyps, have the effect of reducing nasal congestion, helping patients more comfortable. In addition, cases of sinus level infections need additional antibiotics.

    • Anti -fungal drugs: Some cases of chronic sinusitis may be the result of the body's abnormal immune response to the fungus in the surrounding environment. Therefore, antifungal drugs are necessary, although it still has to be performed at the same time with surgery to remove the fungal pieces.

    Surgical treatment: When inefficient medical treatment, the doctor may use surgery to remove nasal polyps. The surgery is performed depending on the number and position of the polyp, including:

  • Small and solitary polyps: Small and solitary polyps will be easily removed by using a mechanical tool to suck or a filter micro -machine (also known as microDebrider). After polyps are removed, patients must treat inflammation, often use antibiotics and oral corticosteroids.
  • Sinus endoscopic surgery (English name is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery): This is a wider surgical method, not only removing polyps but also expanding the sinus part where polyps wall. In case of sinuses and inflammation, it is necessary to expand the sinus cavity. In this method, doctors will use a soft, small endoscope, with a camera and a small tool at the top. Endoscopy tubes will be put into the patient's nose, find polyps and other structures and remove them. Because laparoscopic surgery only incisions very small roads, the incision will heal faster and cause less pain and discomfort than other surgical methods.

    • Nasal polyps, even when thoroughly treated, is often likely to recur. Therefore, patients need to pay attention to health care and regular examination.

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