Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis's disease overview

Osteoporosis in the elderly is a common disease, only behind cardiovascular diseases. Currently, there are about 1/3 of women and 1/8 of men over 50 years old are at risk of osteoporosis.

What is

osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis, also known as bone or bone sponge, is the phenomenon of bone constantly thinner and the density of the bone is increasingly thinning, which makes the bone more crispy, vulnerable and easy to get Broken even though only a minor injury.

Osteoporosis is the main cause of fractures in postmenopausal women and the elderly. Osteoporosis fractures can be seen in any bone, but often encountered in the spine, femur, wrist bone. Some broken bones may not heal, in which the spine and femur are very difficult bones, in most cases of surgery at costly.

Silent osteoporosis. Often patients only feel unclear person pain, gradually reducing height, scoliosis. These are expressions only discovered after a long time. Many cases are only detected when there are fractures.

Osteoporosis will get worse when they get older. Due to this age, the bone density does not guarantee the permitted level to ensure solid bone as in adulthood.

Causes of Osteoporosis's disease

Normal bones need calcium and phosphate minerals to form. If the body does not receive enough calcium from the diet, the formation of bone and bone tissue may be affected.

Bone is an organ that is always in a state of constant innovation, the new bone will be continuously created and the old bones are broken. When young, the body produces new bones faster, so the volume of bone will increase. Most people achieve the highest bone volume around 20 years old. When older, the amount of bone lost faster is created, thereby causing osteoporosis.

The main causes of osteoporosis include

Lifestyle lifestyle is unreasonable, sedentary

Regularly carry heavy objects, hard labor

There is a calcium -deficient diet

Sex: Women are at risk of osteoporosis than men

The amount of calcium for bone creation when the child is not fully supplemented, leading to the fact that when they get old, along with the aging, the process of bone creation decreases and the process of canceling bones Fast, strong, causing bone density to decrease, make bones brittle and weak, reduce bearing strength and more fragile.

Symptoms of Osteoporosis's disease

Bone loss (also known as bone density decrease) due to osteoporosis usually does not show clear symptoms. Patients may not know that they get sick until the bone becomes weaker, brittle when encountering small trips such as twisting legs, bumps or falling.

Reduce bone density, the spine can be collapsed (also known as subsidence). The manifestation of this condition includes acute back pain, height reduction, stooping gait and hunchback.

Headache: One of the most noticeable symptoms of osteoporosis is the feeling of aches and pains of the head bone, the patient will feel tired along the long bones, even aches and pains Such as a whole body injected

Pain in the bone area is burdened with regular body such as: spine, waist, pelvis, hip bone, knee, pain repeated many times after trauma, The pain is usually dull and lasts. The pain will increase when exercising, walking, standing for a long time and will be relieved when lying down.

Pain in the spine, waist or intercostal sides, affecting intercostal nerves, thigh nerves and sciatica. The pain worsens when strongly moving or suddenly changing posture. Therefore, people with signs of osteoporosis are often very difficult to perform postures such as bowing or turning completely.

For middle -aged people, osteoporosis is often accompanied by signs of varicose veins, osteoarthritis, high blood pressure, ...

People at risk for Osteoporosis's disease

There are many risk factors that can lead to osteoporosis. Some factors can be changed while others cannot.

Non -change risk factors such as:

Sex: In women, especially menopausal women, the risk of osteoporosis is much higher than that of men of the same age due to the lower total bone mass. >

Age: The higher the age, the more risk of osteoporosis.

Body size: Slim women are at higher risk of osteoporosis.

Family history of people who have had osteoporosis or hip fractures

Menopause before 45 years old

Having broken bones

There are accompanying diseases such as hormonal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease or Cushing syndrome

White or Asian people

Changed risk factors include:

Hormonal gender: low estrogen levels due to irregular menstruation or menopause can cause osteoporosis in women. Meanwhile, low testosterone levels can cause osteoporosis in men.

A low or calcium deficiency and vitamin D diet

Mental anorexia: This eating disorder can lead to osteoporosis.

Using some drugs such as corticosteroids or heparin for a long time

Activity level: Lack of exercise or resting in a long -term bed can cause bone weakness.

Smoking: Tobacco is very harmful to bones, as well as heart and lungs.

Drinking alcohol: Drinking too much alcohol can weaken and brittle bones.

Prevention of Osteoporosis's disease

The following methods can help prevent or slow down bone loss and prevent fractures, but cannot cure:

Eat a diet rich in calcium or calcium supplements every day.

For adults aged 19 to 50, eat 3 meals or absorb 1000 mg of calcium daily.

Men over 50 years old, eat 3 meals or 1000 mg of calcium per day.

Men over 70 years old, eat 4 meals or 1200 mg of calcium per day.

Women over 50 years old, 4 meals or 1200 mg of calcium per day.

Green leafy vegetable.

regularly osteoporosis to check bone density.

Re -examination on schedule to be monitored for symptoms as well as health status.

Listen to the doctor's instructions, do not arbitrarily take the drug without appointment or arbitrarily quit the prescription.

Regularly exercise the loads and exercises to strengthen muscle strength at the request of the doctor.

No smoking.

Avoid drinking too much alcohol: Drinking more than two glasses of alcohol a day can reduce the ability to form bone.

Avoid to fall

Diagnostic measures for Osteoporosis's disease

Osteoporetic diagnostic tests include:

Experimental evaluation of bone density: X -ray to measure bone density in the lumbar spine, femoral neck or wrist. The method of X -rays absorb dual energy (dexa) is the most common method. This method does not cause pain and only takes a few minutes, indicating the amount of bone lost.

Blood and urine tests: Check the hormonal amount and seek the risk of increasing bone loss such as a shortage of vitamins or minerals in the body. P>

Osteoporosis's disease treatments

Provide the amount of calcium to the body according to the recommended level, no excess. Additional 600 international units (IU) Vitamin D per day for people aged 1 to 70 years old and 800 IU daily from 71 years of age and older.

Maintain the standard weight, not overweight nor is not overweight.

Do exercises such as walking, jogging, dancing and gymnastics 3-4 hours per week.

Stop smoking.

Limit alcoholic drinks, coffee and carbonated beverage.

Talk to the doctor about the drugs that are using at risk of reducing bone density.

Talk to the doctor about the benefits and risks of estrogen replacement therapy if the patient is in menopause or ovarian removal.

When discovering osteoporosis, in addition to diet, reasonable living, patients need to supplement drugs to treat osteoporosis. Depending on each specific case, patients will be advised to use the appropriate anti -osteoporosis drugs.

Change lifestyle: stop smoking, limit drinking alcohol

Preventing fractures by minimizing the risk of falling.

Exercise is an important part of the treatment of osteoporosis. Exercise not only helps bones healthy, but also increases muscle strength, coordination and body balance, thereby helping better health. Although good exercise for people with osteoporosis, it must be careful, avoiding too strong exercise because it can lead to fractures.

See also:

Osteoporosis

What should osteoporosis people eat? Common mistakes in osteoporosis

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