Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer's disease overview

Pancreas is a part of the digestive organs, with food decomposition function so that cells in the body can absorb and use. A tube called the pancreatic pancreas connects the pancreas to the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). The pancreas contains two types of glands: external and endocrine glands.

What is

What is pancreatic cancer?

pancreatic cancer occurs when cells in the pancreatic gland began to produce excessively exceeding control and forming a tumor. 

The most common types of pancreatic cancer often arise from the extracurricular gland and are called the pancreatic gland carcinom. The pancreatic gland carcinom is one of the most invasive cancers. At the time of diagnosis, most cases of cancer have metastasized to other positions of the body. Pancreatic gland cancer is also relatively resistant to medical treatment, and the only treatment capable of cure is surgery.

Pancreatic cancer is a common but very dangerous disease because it is difficult to detect, difficult to treat and extremely high mortality. Most pancreatic cancer patients after surgery only surgery for about 2-3 years, the recurrence rate after surgery is quite large. As for patients with end -stage pancreatic cancer cannot interfere with surgery, most patients do not live more than 1 year after detecting the disease.

Pancreatic cancer is divided into 4 stages:

  • Pancreatic cancer stage 1 So it is difficult for patients to detect the disease. 
  • Pancreatic cancer stage 2: The tumor has the size> 2cm and <4cm, invasive to the surrounding pancreatic tissue but has not affected not affecting Blood vessels

    • Stage 3 pancreatic cancer : The tumor can reach over 6cm size, cancer cells invade blood vessels and metastases to many lymph nodes Lymphoma as well as neighboring organs.

    Stage 4 pancreatic cancer : The tumor can reach any size, invasive to further parts such as liver, lungs ... P>

    Causes of Pancreatic cancer's disease

    What is

    What are the causes of pancreatic cancer?

    The main risk factors for pancreatic cancer include:

  • Smoking
  • Older people
    • Men - The male/female ratio of pancreatic cancer is 1.3/1
  • Chronic pancreatitis: Due to alcohol, gallstones ...

    • Diabetes

  • Diets highly greasy, fat, sugar, drinking lots of carbonated soft drinks

    • Family history is pancreatic cancer Blood type: According to a study by the National Cancer Institute, people of blood type A and B are at higher risk of pancreatic cancer.

    Symptoms of Pancreatic cancer's disease

    The main symptoms of pancreatic cancer include:

  • Abdominal pain, can spread behind
  • Unknown weight loss, often accompanied by: Flushing anorexia, bloating diarrhea, loose stool, dark color or eliminating fat on the water surface
  • jaundice, yellow eyes
  • Itching skin palms, feet

    • Symptoms of pancreatic cancer are generally quite vague and can easily be attributed to other less serious and more common conditions. This explains why most pancreatic cancer patients are usually detected only at the stage of disease progression.

    People at risk for Pancreatic cancer's disease

    Targets at high risk of pancreatic cancer are people with the above risk factors.

    Prevention of Pancreatic cancer's disease

    There is currently no preventive measure for pancreatic cancer, however, reducing risk factors is very important. Các yếu tố nguy cơ có thể kiểm soát được bao gồm:

  • Limiting smoking and drinking too much
  • Limit foods that are greasy, fat
  • Restricting foods high in sugar and soft drinks
  • Suitable exercise mode

    • Diagnostic measures for Pancreatic cancer's disease

    Based on asking for medical history, history and clinical examination, the doctor may also have some suggestions for the disease. In some cases, after the tumor grows, the doctor can touch the tumor in the middle of the patient's abdomen during medical examination. However, pancreatic cancer is rarely diagnosed with clinical. If there is no abnormal detection, the doctor will recommend more image diagnostic tests. Image diagnostic tests are often used to detect pancreatic cancer including:

  • Abdominal ultrasound: This is the first test in a patient with abdominal pain and jaundice. Ultrasound can detect gallstones is a condition with similar symptoms with common pancreatic cancer. If observing a pancreatic tumor on ultrasound, CT scan is still necessary to get more information. /Li>
  • CT scan (CT scan): This is a chosen test to help diagnose pancreatic cancer. The CT scan can locate the small tumor in the pancreas that sometimes missed when the ultrasound. In addition, CT scan can accurately show whether the tumor has been invasive, metastasized from the pancreas or not and its correlation with blood vessels and neighboring organs. This is very important information to help the surgeon plan to remove the cancer mass. Determine cancer by anatomy. The biopsy is done in the following ways:

  • Biopsy through the skin: The doctor performs a biopsy by penetrating a needle through the skin to enter the body. The procedure is conducted at the same time with ultrasound or CT scan to guide the needle into the tumor. Soi through the mouth, the stomach, and then into the duodenum. The needle biopsy at the end of the endoscope is performed under the instructions of the ultrasound. The patient was vaccinated to cause sleep, so the procedure was often painless. There is also a needle to biopsy or injecting chemicals to treat pancreatic tumors

    • After confirming the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, more regular blood tests need to be performed to Evaluation of liver and kidney function.

    In addition, it is necessary to test for more cancer marker Ca 19-9. CA 19-9 is produced by pancreatic cancer, its level increases in 80% of the pancreatic cancer. treatment. However, CA 19-9 is not a specialized test for pancreatic cancer. Many other diseases may also increase the number of cases of 19-9. On the contrary, it is not possible to conclude that the cancer does not recur when the number 19-9 is still normal.

    Pancreatic cancer's disease treatments

    The best treatment of pancreatic cancer depends on the spread of the tumor. The degree of cancer can be classified as follows:

  • On -site cancer: Cancer is limited to pancreatic glands.
  • Cancer on the spot but have progressed a lot: Cancer has spread from the pancreas to blood vessels or neighboring organs.

    • Cancer metastases: Cancer has spread from the pancreas to other parts of the body.

    Pancreatic cancer causes patients to suffer constant pain by the tumor pinched on nerves and surrounding parts. The main treatment for patients for analgesic purposes, mitigating unpleasant symptoms in patients. And most patients with pancreatic cancer when detected the disease have progressed to the late stage, causing many difficulties in treatment. The main treatments include:

  • Surgery: Most patients with pancreatic cancer when detecting the disease have been in the final stage, unable to thoroughly surgery to cure the disease but can help the patient to relieve itching, yellow. Skin, significantly improving the quality of life for patients. Although recent advances in surgical and medical treatment of pancreatic cancer, the prognosis of the disease is still relatively poor. For patients with pancreatic cancer has been completely removed by surgery, the 5-year survival rate is 20-30%.
    • Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy is a treatment for high energy radiation that targets tumors to kill cancer cells or to prevent them from growing. If surgery is not possible, radiation therapy is the second option that can be used for patients with pancreatic cancer to mitigate symptoms of pain, jaundice and contribute to prevent recurrence if performing radiation therapy after surgery.  For pancreatic cancer, radiation is often used in combination with chemotherapy. valence: Chemotherapy is the foundation of pancreatic cancer treatment on the spot or metastatic. It is a supportive treatment for radiation therapy or applied if radiotherapy and surgery are no longer suitable because the patient's condition has been more serious. At that time, chemotherapy played a role in helping people with pancreatic cancer prolonged life, relieved pain, discomfort when entering the final stage.

    At specific times when the patient is being treated, it is necessary to perform imaging diagnostic tests to evaluate the size of the tumor changes. If the tumor is still developing despite being chemotherapy, it may be due to cancer that has been resistant to this therapy, an alternative treatment plan that needs to be considered.

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