Paralyzed

Paralyzed's disease overview

What is

What is polio?

Paralysis is an infectious disease, caused by polio virus infection along the gastrointestinal tract, which may flare into fluid. Common symptoms of polio are acute soft paralysis syndrome. Polio can be prevented by creating active immunity when vaccinated polio vaccine , so that the ratio of paralysis in children is significantly reduced. Tell.

Previously, polio appears and causes epidemics in most continents. The number of people infected and died of polio increased sharply. From 1955-1960, when the vaccine was inactivated and the Vaccine reduced toxicity, the incidence and death rate had been significantly reduced, especially in developed countries.

In Vietnam: Before the vaccine had big epidemics in 1957-1959. The polio rate in 1959 was 126.4/100,000 people, since 1962 when Vietnam successfully built a polio vaccine to reduce Sabin poison (OPV), the incidence and death has decreased significantly as well as no There are incidents that occur. After the reunification of the country in 1975, the effective application of the expanded vaccination program has helped nearly 100% of children to drink polio vaccine. By 2000, the World Health Organization announced that Vietnam had succeeded in the payment of polio nationwide, meaning that there was no patient with paralysis caused by wild polio virus. This is a great success of the country's health.

Causes of Paralyzed's disease

Polio virus is the cause of the disease, belonging to the gut virus (enterovirus), belonging to the Picornavirida family, spherical shapes, no shells, containing RNA. Polio polio virus has 3 types:

TYP I: Tells the main role in the disease (90%) called Brunhilde

type II: called Lansing

type III: Name Leon

Paralysis viruses live in the outside environment. In stool, they live for months at temperatures 0 - 40C. In the country, they live for 2 weeks at normal temperature. The polio virus is destroyed at a temperature of 560C after 30 minutes and is destroyed by purple. The dosage of chlorine in water does not destroy the polio virus.

Polio virus penetrates the body of the gastrointestinal tract, then will reach the lymph nodes. Here a few polio viruses enter the central nervous system causing damage to the horny cells before the spinal cord and the mobility of the cerebral cortex, causing clinical soft fierce syndrome. P>

Symptoms of Paralyzed's disease

Symptoms of polio appears different depending on the polio. Paralysis can manifest gentle symptoms in the form of non -damage to the central nervous system, but it can also be very serious in paralysis. Most infected patients do not show symptoms. Polio is divided into three forms:

Mild polio: The most common symptoms are the same symptoms like other viral infections, including: high fever, headache, insomnia, neck burning Throat, nausea and vomiting, constipation or diarrhea. The disease can recover for a few days.

Paralysis of non -paralysis: also known as aseptic meningitis, the most common manifestation is headache, stiff neck, and mental function change. >

paralysis of paralysis: The most common symptom is fever and then headache, stiff neck and back, constipation and sensitivity when touched. The patient gradually loses the sensation and moves in the lower part of the body leading to asymmetric paralysis. The patient will then recover gradually within 2 to 6 months. In more severe cases, if both spinal cord paralysis and onion can lead to respiratory failure and death.

Transmission route of Paralyzed's diseaseParalyzed

Paralysis is an infectious disease, spread from person to person mainly by oral feces. The viral virus is mainly from the patient's feces to stain the water and food source and then penetrate the body of the gastrointestinal tract. A few cases can be transmitted by throat. The disease can also be spread by direct contact with a virus carrier or the person who has just used oral polio vaccine because this is a live -reducing vaccine made from living viruses. The source of disease transmission is a person with polio and good people with polio polio virus. The transmission can be 7-10 days before clinical symptoms.

People at risk for Paralyzed's disease

There are many factors that can increase the risk of polio, including:

Go to the paralyzed or paralyzed virus area there.

Exposure to the waste of people with viral viruses.

Use polluted water and eat dirty foods.

People who have immunodeficiency factors, reduce resistance such as: immunodeficiency, former tonsillectomy, stress or severe intensity activities in the era Long time

Prevention of Paralyzed's disease

Prevention of polio

vaccine is the most effective preventive disease. There are 2 types of vaccines used:

Vaccine lives to decrease the motivation (OPV: Oral Polio Vaccine) created from wild paralysis virus strains and orally used. Vaccination into the body and creating immune response in the intestinal tract and immune response, so OPV not only prevents wild viruses from getting to digest spread to the central nervous system damage. OPV is currently being deployed for children 2.3 and 4 months of age in the expanded immunization program. With extremely low rate of viruses in the vaccine can be toxic to nerve cells, causing polio due to vaccines.

Inactivated polio vaccine (Inactivated Polio Vaccine), also known as SALK vaccine, is made from virus -caused virus strains on primary and inactive monkey kidney cells with formalin. IPV vaccine creates immunodeficiency to prevent the pathogen from entering the central nervous system and the on -spot immune system in the pharyngeal so it does not prevent the wild virus from entering the body through the gastrointestinal tract. At the stage after paying polio, to maintain this achievement, IPV is recommended to be used for higher safety than OPV. IPV has been agreed by the Ministry of Health to deploy 1 nose for children under 1 year of age, gradually replacing the OPV vaccine in the expanded immunization program.

Prevention of epidemics

Propaganda and educating the community of general hygiene, personal hygiene, ensuring water source, food, compliance with principles Food safety and hygiene.

Supervisors in areas, high -risk points occur epidemics such as health stations, regional hospitals, kindergartens, and schools. The patient was examined and reported to the case of softening paralysis.

Monitoring of disease and good people carrying pathogens:

Monitoring pathogens: Building and standardizing laboratories capable of being isolated to determine serum type, molecular testing system for fecal diagnosis special and virus identification.

Report regularly by medical routes from grassroots to country; From the country to the region and the World Health Organization.

When the epidemic occurs, patients have been diagnosed with clinical diagnosis or suspected polio transferred to the hospital is indicated in the department. With the isolation room for treatment and monitoring.

The environmental treatment of the area where the epidemic occurs, the hospital where the patient is treated. Applying disinfectant, disinfectant chloramine B, formalin, oxidants, lime powder. Especially, sterilizing clothes, blankets, utensils and household items with high temperature sterilization with pressure.

Diagnostic measures for Paralyzed's disease

In addition to clinical symptoms such as stiff neck and back, difficulty swallowing and breathing, and there are abnormal reflexes, diagnosis of paralysis should be based on a history of vaccination and accuracy testing Polio paralysis within 14 days of getting from the disease from species such as stool, pharyngitis or cerebrospinal fluid. The virus is isolated and is determined to type serum. Serum 1 is the most common disease type.

Before diagnosis determined polio should eliminate a number of other causes such as

Trauma: paralysis due to injury.

Paralysis of neuritis.

Guillain Barré syndrome.

Echo and Coxsackie virus infections with sterile meningitis and paralysis.

EV7 virus: The main root of foot - hands - mouth and encephalitis - meninges also causes paralysis.

Paralyzed's disease treatments

Paralysis is a viral infection, so there is no specific treatment. Treatment of paralysis is to support and treat symptoms:

Completely motionless.

Strengthening and improving physical condition with smoothie and translation.

Respiratory support, if there are signs of paralysis.

Rehabilitation and sequelae, improve strength and physical restoration.

Medicines: Analgesics such as aspirin and antibiotic groups if bacterial superinfection is used as prescribed by a doctor.

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