pericarditis, a membrane surrounding the heart, can come from many causes, both infections and no infection. This condition can manifest in many forms, from mild to severe, and requires timely diagnostic and treatment intervention. The following article will help you better understand the cause, symptoms, diagnostic processes and treatments for pericarditis.
What is pericarditis?
Cardinitis is an irritating inflammation of the pericardium, thin membrane surrounding the heart. This is a disease that often occurs suddenly in a short time, often leading to chest pain and sometimes other symptoms. strong chest pain occurs when two pericardial layers are inflamed or stimulated, then they contact and rub against each other.
The disease usually starts suddenly and does not last long, called acute. However, if the symptoms gradually develop or prolonged, this condition becomes chronic disease.
Causes of Pericarditis's disease
Causes
Causes of pericarditis are often very difficult to determine exactly. In most cases, medical experts often cannot find a specific cause (also known as idiopathic) or suspicion of virus infection (mumps virus, chicken pox ...), bacteria tuberculosis, fungus, parasites, bacteria (streptococcus, staphylococcus ...)
In addition, the disease can also form and develop after a large heart attack, because the heart muscle is damaged Hidden, very easy to be stimulated. Another form of this disease is called a delayed pericarditis, which may appear several weeks after heart attack or heart surgery. This phenomenon is often called the Dressler syndrome, or known for other names such as postoperative surgical removal syndrome, post -heart injury syndrome and myocardial infarction syndrome. >
In addition to the above causes, the disease may also come from other factors including:
Systemic diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis,
Trauma in the heart or chest area, or
Some other diseases such as Kidney failure, tuberculosis, AIDS or cancer. Strong> Circular classification
The disease can be divided into two main categories:
Acute pericarditis: Common children and young people, appearing quickly and suddenly, with a ratio of more men than women (about 2-2.5 male/1 female). . Common causes include infections from pus bacteria, tuberculosis, metastatic tumors, or low heart disease. In addition, it may also be caused by myocardial infarction, germs infection, after injury, postoperative, or increased urea in the blood. Complications from acute status and account for a small percentage (about 0.5-1.5%). The rate of appearance is more male than women (about 2-4 men/1 female). The main cause of disease is often caused by tuberculosis and bacterial infections from pus.
Symptoms of Pericarditis's disease
Normally, two -layer pericardial bags around the heart contain a small amount of lubricant. However, in the case of pericarditis, this membrane bag is inflamed and the friction from the inflammatory position leads to chest pain. Demonstration time. The most common symptom of the acute case is extremely strong chest pain, often described as a knife feeling at the back of the breastbone or on the left of the chest. The disease will be different, depending on the type of inflammation, may include some or all of the following signs:
Pain or chest piercing in the center or on the left side of the chest, often has a more intense characteristics when the patient inhales. Ahead. /Li>
cough.
Abdominal swelling or leg swelling. Each case
However, some patients describe when they get sick, they feel dull, like the pressure in the chest, and the degree of pain is different in each case. The pain in the case of acute inflammation is likely to spread on the shoulder and neck. When patients cough, lie or breathe deeply, pain tends to increase. The pain tends to soften when sitting forward. Myocardial ischemia , heart failure ... The heart, also known as the pericardium overflow.
Is the pericarditis dangerous?
complications of the disease are quite diverse, including:
Contragging pericarditis: This is a rare complication, which often occurs in people who have suffered from long -term or chronic recurrence. When the pericardium thickens, shapes scars and permanently spasms, it makes the pericardium lose elasticity and become rigid. This leads to the non -functioning heart and creates a condition called spasmic pericarditis. It often causes edema and swelling of the abdominal distention, accompanied by shortness of breath. Heart compression: When too many liquids accumulate in the pericardium, there may be a dangerous condition called heart compression. The accumulation of excess liquids puts pressure on the heart and cannot be filled. This leads to a decrease in the amount of blood pumping out of the heart, causing lower blood pressure. Heart compression can lead to serious consequences and even death if not treated promptly.
complications of the disease may change from mild to severe, even fatal. Most cases are light and can be fixed. Treatment for more severe cases may include drug use and in some rare cases, surgery may be required. Timely diagnosis and treatment can help reduce the risk of long -term complications.
Diagnostic measures for Pericarditis's disease
The disease is usually diagnosed based on a series of steps, including:
exploit the history of disease and history: The doctor will learn about the patient's history of disease, including asking questions about chest pain, the nature of the pain, the time and the million. Other relevant evidence. Characteristic of the disease. This noise is often referred to as "pericardial brushes" and emits when the pericardial layers rub with each other.
Help tests for diagnosis: >
Electrolyte (ECG): Used to measure the electrical pulse emitted from the heart by attaching electrodes to the skin. ECG results may show the characteristic changes of the heart due to pericarditis or heart attack. It can be shown that the heart is expanded if the excess water accumulates in the pericardium. Capacitors of liquids in the pericardium. Acute. /Li>
all these tests help doctors determine the exact pericarditis and eliminate other causes that can cause similar symptoms.
Pericarditis's disease treatments
Medical treatment
There are several drugs used to reduce inflammation and swelling related to pericarditis, including:
Pain relievers: Pain -related pains often respond to painkillers available well without prescribing, such as aspirin or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB and others. ). These drugs are also likely to reduce inflammation. Contractive painkillers can also be used to mitigate pain. Acute or as part of the treatment for recurrent symptoms. However, this drug is not safe for people who suffer from some previous health problems, such as liver or kidney disease. The doctor will carefully check your health history before prescribing Colchicine.
corticosteroid: If you do not respond to analgesics or colchicine or if you have symptoms of recurrent pericarditis, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroids. : In the case of disease due to bacterial infections, patients will be prescribed antibiotic treatment can be applied and combined with drainage if necessary.
If if Doubtful heart pinching due to accumulation of liquids around the heart, you need to be hospitalized. When a heart pinch occurs, a trick may be called a "pericardial suction" procedure to solve this situation.
Surgical treatment
In severe cases and when the disease recurs, the doctor may propose the following procedures:
Pericardiectomy: In the case of spasms, the disease has become serious and creates spasms, may need a one. Surgery is called Pericardiectomy to remove the entire pericardium. This is a process of removing pericardium that has become hard and affects the function of the heart. The heart, a doctor may use a sterile needle or a small catheter (catheter) to remove water and excess liquids from the pericardium. This procedure is usually conducted after the patient is local numbness and is monitored with an ultrasound. This process can last for a few days during the hospital. Live calendar here . Download and schedule automatic examination on myvinmec application to manage, track schedules and make appointments anytime, anywhere right on the application.
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