Pre -eclampsia is a systemic medical syndrome caused by pregnancy in the last 3 months of pregnancy (from the 20th week) with 3 symptoms: hypertension, proteinuria and Phu.
Pre -eclampsia is the stage of occurring before the eclipse. The jerky period can last for a few hours, a few days, weeks or just fleeting depending on the severity of the disease.
Pre -eclampsia leads to many complications for mother and child:
complications for mom
Central nervous system: Producing, cerebral edema, cerebral hemorrhage - meninges
Eye: Retinal edema, blindness
kidney: Acute renal failure, kidney necrosis liver: bleeding under the liver, rupture of the liver, liver failure
Severe pre -eclampsia can progress to HELLP syndrome including hemolysis, liver enzyme and thrombocytopenia. This syndrome can be life -threatening for both mother and child
complications for pregnancy
Protestant pregnancy in the uterus (over 50%)
The fetus stored in the uterus
Premature birth (40%) due to heavy pre -eclampsia
Protestant death (10%): The rate of death increases if premature birth or each other.
Causes of Pre -eclampsia's disease
So far, it has not yet been understood The cause of pre -eclampsia . However, there are several factors that can contribute to the appearance of pre -eclampsia including:
Pregnant women with hemorrhagic disorders, a history of diabetes, kidney disease, or autoimmune disease like the previous erythema lupus
There are relatives in the house such as grandmother, mother, aunt, aunt or siblings, ...
Obcent, overweight during pregnancy
multiple pregnancy, pregnancy
Uterine ischemia-pregnancy
Symptoms of Pre -eclampsia's disease
Symptoms of pre -eclampsia include:
Hypertension
This is the most common and earliest sign of diagnostic, monitoring, prognosis.
Maximum blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg and/or minimum blood pressure ≥ 90mmHg (measuring 2 times apart at least 4 hours when resting, occurring from 20 weeks of gestational in women with existing normal blood pressure).
If the maximum blood pressure increases by more than 30mmHg or the minimum blood pressure increases by more than 15mmHg compared to the blood pressure value when pregnant is at risk of pre -eclampsia.
The higher the blood pressure, the heavier the preus prognosis
Systolic blood pressure ≥ 160mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110mmHg should be used in time.
If after 6 weeks of birth, high blood pressure is still at risk of becoming chronic hypertension, it is necessary to have a cardiovascular specialist for a timely diagnosis and treatment. >
proteinuria
proteinuria is positive when the amount of protein is greater than 0.3g/liter/24 -hour urine sample or over 0.5g/liter/random urine sample. >Edema
white, soft, concave, need to distinguish physiological edema in normal pregnant women in the last 3 months, only mild edema in the legs, edema in the afternoon, resting high legs will end.
Pathological edema if the whole body is edema, edema from the morning, the foot is high. Heavy may be multi -membrane (pleural, peritoneal), brain edema.
Discovered by pressing on a hard background, with a faster and high weight gain, increased> 500 grams/week or 2250 grams/month. Often checked in the back of the feet, the back of the pelvis
It is necessary to distinguish: Magnetic, kidney edema, nutrition, worm edema only
Symptoms attached, showing severe pre -eclampsia
Anemia: fatigue, blue skin, pale mucosa
Signs of digestive: Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, right flank
Neurological signs: occipital pain, oral pain, non -pain, lethargy
System signs: dizziness, fear of light, vision loss
Signs of multi -membranes: abdominal, heart, lung
People at risk for Pre -eclampsia's disease
The risk factor for pre -eclampsia includes:
multiple pregnancy, amniotic fluid
Mother gave birth when she was over 35 years old, under 18 years old or smoking mother
Pregnant in the cold season
Eggs, expression of pre -eclampsia often manifest early
Pregnancy in diabetes, chronic hypertension, obesity
History of pre -eclampsia - Producing for pregnancy previous
Prevention of Pre -eclampsia's disease
Registration of pregnancy management is the most basic stitch in pre -jerk prevention. The doctor will diagnose the pre -eclampsia by checking the blood pressure and the protein test in the urine each prenatal check.
Ensuring diet just enough groups of substances, not eating too much of starchy foods, sugar, smoking, not using stimulants. For mothers with great weight before pregnancy, they should be used to limit the amount of salt during meals, prioritizing eating boiled steamed dishes, limiting fried fried, fish sauce, eating lots of fruits and vegetables.
Keep warm
Early detection, timely treatment of pregnant women with high risk to prevent the product shock.
Pre -eclipse tests for 12-14 weeks to use preventive medicine for women with high risk of disease
Using aspirin at low doses and adequate calcium supplements during pregnancy can limit the risk of pre -eclampsia.
Severe pre -eclampsia: When there are some of the following symptoms
proteinuria test quickly 2+ or more> 2g/24 hours
Pain in epigastric or lower right ribs
Platelet reduction
Signs of heart failure, acute pulmonary edema
Perception disorders
Pre -eclampsia's disease treatments
Pre -eclampsia treatment depending on the disease
Treatment Mild eclipse
can be treated and surveyed by measuring blood pressure 2 times/day
Rest and lying on your left side
Weekly monitoring, if you get worse and have to be hospitalized and active treatment
If the pregnancy is full, the pregnancy ends at the specialist route
Drink enough water (2 - 3 liters of water per day), eat nitrogen and eat light
Treatment severe pre -eclampsia
Must be hospitalized and monitor blood pressure and be actively treated.
Monitoring blood pressure 4 times/day, daily weight and protein, platelet counting, ultrasound and continuous fetal heart monitoring.
Basic treatment is as follows:
Medical treatment
Rest and down on your left side
Sedative: Diazepam injection or drinking
Use magnesium sulfate
Hydropulation drugs: Use when high blood pressure (160/110mmHg)
Diuretics: Only use when threatening pulmonary edema and urinary minority
Obstetrics and surgical treatment
If the pre -eclampsia does not respond to the treatment or the obstacle occurs, the pregnancy ends with all age of the gestational. Before actively ending the pregnancy, it is necessary to stabilize the condition of the patient within 24-48 hours
Should be a procedure if eligible, or cesarean section when obstetric indications or need to quickly terminate pregnancy
Determination of cesarean section when symptoms of evolution are severe:
Severe hypertension does not respond to prolonged treatment> 24 hours
Kidney failure does not meet the treatment of diuretics
Hemodynamic pulmonary edema
Ophthalmic reduction is difficult to control, internal coagulation disorders spread
Liver dysfunction, hepatic hematoma, liver torn
Products with central nervous manifestations
Bong, amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid
pregnancy
See more:
dangerous complications of pre -eclampsia
Pre -eclampsia - Things that pregnant women need to know
Pre -eclampsia - dangerous obstetric complications and how to prevent
Pre -eclampsia and high blood pressure during pregnancy: Things to remember
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