Prolonged QT syndrome

Prolonged QT syndrome's disease overview

What is

What is QT syndrome?

Prolonged QT syndrome is one of the heart diseases when the electromagnetic system becomes abnormal. In this case, the heart muscle takes more time than usual to recharge between the beating beats in the heart and can often be seen on the center of the center (ECG) through the extended period between W wave and T.

The prolonged QT syndrome can lead to some serious and fatal arrhythmia.

Causes of Prolonged QT syndrome's disease

Prolonged QT syndrome due to the following causes:

  • Genetic, caused by the process of mutations that control the electromemonic system. Scientists have studied at least 12 genes and hundreds of gene mutations that have been identified related to prolonged QT syndrome.
  • Due to some drugs such as Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide, Amiodarone and Sotalol; Antidepressants, anti -psychotic drugs, certain drugs for allergic treatment; Antibiotics such as erythromycin combined with Ketoconazole fungicide can also cause this syndrome. 
  • may also be due to some complex genetic defects in the heart, making the heart rate easy to slow down when taking some drugs and leading to prolonged QT syndrome.

    • Symptoms of Prolonged QT syndrome's disease

    Signs of prolonged QT syndrome are often associated with arrhythmia and include:

  • Fainting unknown cause: Because the heart does not pump enough blood to the brain. This manifestation usually occurs during a period of physical or emotional stress.
  • When swimming is drowned for unknown reasons.
  • The heart stops suddenly unknown: This symptom can cause patients to die after a few minutes if not in time medical support. 
  • In addition, there are some other symptoms such as: beating chest drums, gasping for sleep due to abnormal heart rate, convulsions.

    • There are some cases, QT syndrome does not have any symptoms, so it is necessary to go to regular health check to promptly detect and treat it disease.

    Transmission route of Prolonged QT syndrome's diseaseProlonged QT syndrome

    Prolonged QT syndrome is not transmitted from person to person

    People at risk for Prolonged QT syndrome's disease

    Prolonged QT syndrome often appears both children and young people, starting at the age of 8 to 20. The factors can make you increase the risk of prolonged QT syndrome, including:

  • Children, adolescents, young people fainted, near drowning or accidents, unexplained convulsions or a history of cardiac arrest can lead to death.
  • In the family, relatives of people with prolonged QT syndrome.
  • influenced by the side effects of some drugs.
  • People with potassium, magnesium, low blood calcium or anorexia.

    • Prevention of Prolonged QT syndrome's disease

    To prevent prolonged QT syndrome can apply the following measures:

  • Find out if anyone in the family has been sick.
  • Not overwork, keep the spirit of comfort.
  • There is an appropriate diet, actively exercise.

    • Diagnostic measures for Prolonged QT syndrome's disease

    Prolonged QT syndrome can be diagnosed through the following measures

  • Electrolyte measures (EKG) help detect and record the electrical activity of the heart. Through this test can help the doctor see the extended period of time between Q and T and other signs of prolonged QT syndrome, but the patient may need to monitor the electromagnetism for many days or weeks.
  • By reviewing the history and clinical examination: The doctor may ask about the symptoms and drugs you have used to diagnose and find out the cause of the disease.
  • Check the genetic test results: can help the doctor detect the genetic factors of the long QT syndrome.

    • Prolonged QT syndrome's disease treatments

    For long -term QT ​​syndrome treatment, patients may not need treatment for symptoms without a family history of death. However, pay attention to avoid heavy sports, excessive exercise and drugs that can cause prolonged QT syndrome.

    In addition, when the condition appears symptoms, the following measures may be used:

  • Use beta inhibitors to control the rhythm when it begins to beat the arrhythmia. Sodium channel blockers can be used, such as Mexiletin to reduce the activity of sodium ion channels.
  • Using medical devices such as pacemakers and deformity machines (ICD) are small devices that help control abnormal heart rate. Both devices through the use of electricity to restore normal heart rate when the heart starts abnormal. Patients will be transplanted with pacemakers and hemorrhoids in the chest or abdomen through a minor surgery.

    • Surgical methods applied to patients with high risk of death due to prolonged QT syndrome can sometimes be treated with surgery to remove nerves. Heart beat faster when physical and emotional stress.

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