Pus meningitis

Pus meningitis's disease overview

Pus meningitis , also known as germ meningitis, is an infection of the meningitis caused by pathogens that can cause inflammation and inflammation pus (mainly bacteria).

is one of the common diseases in children, bacterial meningitis is most common in the age of 5 years old.  The pathogenic bacteria appear in the cerebrospinal fluid, damaging the nervous system, causing high mortality and leaving severe sequelae of movement and awareness.

Causes of Pus meningitis's disease

The most common three types of pus -causing bacteria: Streptococcus pneumonia), Haemophilus influenza tube B, meningococcal brain (neisseria meningitidis). In the common infant bacteria: Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus group B

In addition, many other bacteria and fungi can also be the cause of meningitis but less common and often occur in patients with immunodeficiency, bloodstream. > Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal)

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of pus meningitis in Haemophilus vaccinations Influenzae tube b. The rate of pus meningitis caused by pneumococcal is about 1 - 3/1000 people mean an average of 1-3 people with pneumatic meningitis.

    • After giving birth, babies may be infected with this bacteria from family members. The pneumococcal residents in the throat mucosa causes sinusitis, otitis media ..., from which they attack the brain marrow and cause meningitis.

    Risk factors of pneumococcal meningitis are otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through ear or nose, patients with spleen, HIV infection, anti -marrow graft graft. Haemophilus influenzae pus b

  • Haemophilus influenzae pus of type B usually occurs in infants and Children from 1 month - 36 months of age are not vaccinated against this agent. During this time, the baby's brain is developing, so if the disease is often very serious complications, can die right in the first days.

  • Haemophilus influenzae tube B can be transmitted through the respiratory tract,
  • The method of transmission is from person to person through drops from respiratory secretions, easily spreading into large outbreaks. The mortality rate is quite high, usually occurs in the first days of the disease.
    • Meningococcal meningitis
  • The main object of meningococcal meningitis is young children from 6 - 12 months old. The rate of children over 1 year older is usually lower.
  • The transmission is mainly due to human contact with people through small drops from respiratory secretions. However, not all cases of pharyngitis bacteria are sick.

    • Meningococcal meningitis caused by meningococcal tissue often appears star -shaped necrotic hemorrhage commodity (death). The mortality rate is very high in the maximum progression. In this form, death usually occurs within 24 hours after hospitalization.  E.coli meningitis

    is a bacterium residing in the digestive system, E. coli often causes pus meningitis in newborns and Young children, less common in older children and adults. Pus meningitis caused by E. coli in newborns is a serious disease because it is often in a high death infection.

    Listeria Monocytogenes

    Meat, milk and other fresh foods often carry this bacteria. Patients with immunodeficiency such as the elderly, babies, patients treating immunosuppressive drugs, AIDS are often at risk of disease.

    Symptoms of Pus meningitis's disease

    Children over 18 months of age with meningitis have the following symptoms: Fatigue, poor eating, worse skin.

    Meningi syndrome: Nausea, vomiting, headache (in young children often fuss or cry in every attack), may show fear of light

    Other manifestations: convulsions, coma, paralysis, and death (in meningococcal brain infection) Infants and children under 3 months old

    The disease often occurs in premature babies, amniotic fluid infections, asphyxiation

  • Infection syndrome: Often unclear, may not have fever, even lower body temperature

    • Mening meninges syndrome is also incomplete or discreet. Children often quit breastfeeding, vomiting, moaning, uneven breathing or apnea, swelling or mildly, bloating, diarrhea, reducing muscle tone, convulsions.

    Diseases often occur in children, the stage of the nervous system is developing, causing serious complications:

  • Death: Despite many progress in mental resuscitation, the mortality rate of meningitis is still very high due to severe brain damage, infection shock, water disorders -The resolution, exhaustion ...
  • Damage to the nerves of the brain causing deafness, blindness, dumb ...
  • Brain abscess, epidural abscess, intravenous inflammation, cerebral vascular inflammation ...
  • Cerebralbringing causes hydrocephalus

    • In addition, there are complications in addition to the nervous system, depending on the cause of bacteria such as bacterial shock, internal hemorrhage (encountered in blood infections, VMN due to meningococcal) , arthritis, nephritis, pneumonia ...

    After having pus meningitis, especially cases that are diagnosed with late treatment, may experience the following sequelae:

  • strabismus, deaf, dumb, blind ...

    • Hydroelectricity

  • paralysis of 1 limb, hemiplegia, paralysis of the lower limbs
  • Motorable mental development
  • Memory reduction, dementia, mental disorders
  • epilepsy.

    • Transmission route of Pus meningitis's diseasePus meningitis

    Secondary meningitis
  • Infections far away from the meninges follow the bloodstream to: Most of the cases of meningitis

    • The most common starting position is from respiratory infections, bacteria residing in the mucosa in the pharyngeal in the throat and then entering the blood to the meninges. 

    Other distant locations such as infection infection, intravenous inflammation, in severe burns, long -term catheter: rare

  • Serious infections such as nasal sinusitis, otitis media, osteoaritis, eye socket tissue or osteomy-bone-bone oral bone orb bone. /p>
    • Nguyen Phat meningitis

    bacteria directly invaded through an open wound due to trauma, surgery of the cranial area, the spine ... or due to the tip of the tip of brain fluid detection marrow. From there they follow the cerebrospinal fluid to the spinal cord and subarachia cavity. The multiplication of bacteria here is very fast, starting a series of strong inflammatory reactions. The consequence of this inflammatory reaction is the neutrophilic intrusion of cerebrospinal fluid (pus).

    People at risk for Pus meningitis's disease

    The subjects at high risk of pus meningitis include:

  • Babies, premature babies, suffocating children after birth, mothers with amniotic infections or fever during pregnancy
  • Immunpleted people: Elderly, HIV/AIDS people, immunosuppressants

    • Prevention of Pus meningitis's disease

  • Early detection and thorough treatment of respiratory infections, ear - nose and throat infections in young children
  • Maintain personal hygiene, clean and clean place
  • Daily hygiene of ear - nose - throat
  • Vaccination of meningitis vaccine. Currently in Vietnam, there are meningitis vaccines caused by brain meningococcal, pneumococcal and haemophilus influenzae tube b.

    • When children see abnormal signs related to meningitis or suffer from respiratory infections, they need to take children to medical facilities for examination and treatment. promptly, avoid serious illness, leading to dangerous complications.

    Diagnostic measures for Pus meningitis's disease

  • Early detection and timely diagnosis are very important in treatment in order to limit death and evidence for children.
  • When there are signs of suspicion mentioned above, the doctor will perform diagnostic tests such as blood formula, CRP, electrolyte, blood culture and the most important is Passion of cerebrospinal fluid for biochemical and microorganisms.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid is a decisive procedure for a definite diagnosis. This is an invasive and sterile trick. It is necessary to proceed with early cerebrospinal fluid as soon as the exam is suspected of meningitis. The most commonly used cerebrospinal fluid position is the lumbar spine area of ​​L4-L5. Doctors use specialized needles to poking into the cerebrospinal fluid to get cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid will be evaluated by observation with the naked eye, biochemical and microorganisms. In pus meningitis, the cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy like rice water or as pus. Soi or transplant of cerebrospinal fluid identifies pathogenic bacteria.

    • Pus meningitis's disease treatments

    Treatment of pus meningitis should be conducted early, closely monitored to change appropriate treatment and quickly handle complications. Treatment consists of two main parts: specific treatment and support.

    Specific treatment: Using antibiotics to kill pathogenic bacteria

    need to combine the diagnosis of the original and specific treatment with early antibiotics. Antibiotics are usually indicated immediately after poking the cerebrospinal fluid if suspected of her brain inflammation.

    Some patients who have not allowed cerebrospinal fluid can still conduct antibiotic treatment according to experience chosen based on the frequency of pathogens of bacteria, the ability to absorb through the bloodstream barrier , few side effects.

    After antibiotic results, antibiotic treatment.

    Treatment can last from 10 days to 3 weeks depending on the pathogens.

    Supporting treatment includes:
  • Air guarantee: Suitable posture, sputum suction, enough oxygen
  • antipyretic: Take off your clothes, wipe cool, use paracetamol medicine, sedative (if there is seizure fever)

    • Anti -cerebral edema

  • Water-Electricity balance
  • Ensuring nutrition, preventing and fighting against ulcers due to long lying, physical therapy

    • Some cases of meningitis with severe complications such as brain abscess should be treated by surgical method

    See also:

  • Pus meningitis in children: Causes, symptoms, complications
  • Distinguish encephalitis and meningitis in children
  • Calendar of meningitis vaccine by brain tissue BC

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