Retina

Retina's disease overview

retinal retinal ì? The retina is also known as the nerve membrane - where the light stimulation from the outside transmits to the visual analysis area in the cerebral cortex (through the number II visual nerve). Therefore, the retina is the most important part of the eye to help us identify the light and the surrounding images. There are many causes of media diseases, leading to visual disorders, even retinopathy can lead to blindness without timely detection and treatment

Causes of Retina's disease

Retinal disease in infants

occurs in premature babies (gestational age <37 weeks) or low birth weight (<2500 grams). The reason is that the retinal blood vessel system in premature babies has not been fully developed. In the early stages, the retina only changes mildly and unclear symptoms. In the progressive stage, the retinal membrane can be peeled off leading to blindness.

Retinal degeneration

is a common disease due to retinal degeneration in the royal region, characterized by two lesions in visual cells and retinal cells. The disease progresses slowly and loses an uncontrolled vision.

Retinal disease due to infections

may be caused by bacteria, viruses (influenza, mumps ...) or fungus (Cadida albicans, Aspergillose ...). The disease is usually from nearby bacterial infections such as otitis, rhinitis, sore throat, tonsillitis or tooth decay ...Retinal disease caused by medical diseases

2 most common diseases are diabetes retinopathy and hypertension due to hypertension:

Diabetes retinopathy: usually progresses slowly in patients with diabetes Type I and Type 2 for many years (10-15 years). The disease goes through 2 stages: no proliferation (damaged blood vessels causing obstruction, deformation. Element, protien, lipid leaked from abnormal blood vessels leading to retinal edema, impaired vision) and stage The segment of proliferation (abnormal development of blood vessels in the retinal surface, can lead to hemorrhage, retinal detachment causing blindness)

Retinal disease due to hypertension: The abnormalities of the retinal blood vessel system due to high blood pressure are a slow -moving process, the first manifestation of contractions, thickness and thickness and thickness Arteriosclerosis, then retinal hemorrhage and finally gai thi.

Directly outside the eyeball deformation: The change in the shape of the eyeball suddenly causes secondary pulling on the glass to create retinal tears. In addition, the injury directly to the concentration also causes retinal necrosis at the corresponding position, leading to the retina.

Genetic retinitis

is a rare disease due to genetic mutations (diving genetics account for 60-70%, dominant genetics accounts for 25%, the rest is genetic bonding sex chromosomes X). The disease does not have inflammatory factors, but due to gradual degeneration, starting with cells sensing the rod light of the retina, followed by cone cells.

Symptoms of Retina's disease

Some retinopathy diseases at the beginning of symptoms are often vague and difficult to detect. The stage of progression is manifested by visual disorders at different levels.

Retinal disease in infants

usually does not show external manifestations, abnormalities are detected when eye exams (squinting, abnormal eye movement).

Retinal degeneration

Looking at deformed objects (distorted, looking straight into curved ...)

Fuzzy view (with the first mist)

Central vision reduction, look small, may have flying flies.

diabetic retinopathy

blurred vision or fading glance at the early stage

Inability to identify colors

See black spots or flashes

Retinal disease due to hypertension

Sightseeing

Look at the couple

Headache, fear of light

retinopathy due to eye injury

Severe feeling in the eyes

Suddenly appearing flying flies ahead, appearing black dots

Eye pain

genetic pigment inflammation

The first stage of the night blindness (looking poorly when starting to enter the dark), the vision of the patient is collected Narrowing in tubular shapes.

The next stage of the patient with color disorders, reducing the center vision (40 years old)

People at risk for Retina's disease

Premature babies (gestational age <37 weeks) or low birth weight (<2500 grams). The smaller the gestational age and weight, the more likely it is to have retinopathy in infants.

Diabetes for many years (10-15 years) bad blood control

Patients with hypertension controlled blood pressure bad.

Elderly, smoking, alcohol use

People with family factors suffering from retinal disease.

Diagnostic measures for Retina's disease

Diagnosis is based on the above clinical symptoms and doctor's examination.

Depending on the object and symptom, the doctor performs the following examination methods:

vision examination

Market examination

Labeling measurement

Mobilization examination of eyeball

Direct eye lights

Microscopy

Retina's disease treatments

Retinal disease in newborns:

Early stage need closely monitoring without treatment

Eye examination every 1-2 weeks until full 14 weeks of age

If the disease progresses can use laser or freezing method to destroy abnormal blood vessels. Introduction of anti -vascular anti -hypertrophy labels to develop abnormal vessels. In case of retinal football, surgery for treatment.

retinal degeneration:

There is no specific treatment

The purpose of treatment is to extend the progressive time of the disease

Some supportive measures: eye bottom laser, vitamin A supplement, stem cell therapy.

diabetic retinopathy:

Sugar control

Laser therapy

Surgery to eliminate hemorrhage, glass fluid

Retinal surgery

Enhancement of blood vessel hypertension

Hydrophyxia due to hypertension:

Control of blood pressure

Retinal circulation pills

Retail laser retina with lesions that cause anemia or vascular proliferation

Surgical surgery if there is a prolonged hemorrhage

Pigeic retinitis:

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