Retinal cell tumor

Retinal cell tumor's disease overview

Retinal cell tumor also known as retinal cancer is a malignant eye disease in young children. This is a dangerous disease that not only destroys the visual function of the eye but also can be life -threatening. The tumor can grow in one or two eyes. The disease may be genetic or sporadic. Children's retinal cells can also generate other types of cancer.

Most patients are diagnosed with 2 years before they can be detected from birth

and in adults over 52 years old.

If the disease is detected and treated early, it can be cured with the 5 -year survival rate

up to 90-95% and keep a high eyeball.

Causes of Retinal cell tumor's disease

Causes of retinal cell tumor is due to genetic abnormalities related to genetic or not.

Retinal cells are related to family factors: accounting for 6%. The disease usually manifests itself early when the child is several months old, often with both eyes. Children may be accompanied by another type of cancer. The reason is due to the genetic mutation of which 80% is not inherited and 20% can be inherited.

Symptoms of Retinal cell tumor's disease

Symptoms of retinal cell tumor depending on the size of the tumor, the stage of the disease and the complications of the tumor in the eye. In some cases, the disease has been detected by an eye exam for young or school children.

Signs of white pupils: More than 50% of diseases are detected from the signs of white pupils. Signs can be described in many different words such as "cat eyes", "animal eyes" ... When looking into the eyes, the child will see light, can see 1 or 2 pupils white or yellow when taking photos Evening use flash. This sign is especially clear at night or in the dark room because then the pupil will stretch. Discovered from this sign. Gladious hyperglycemia, uveitis, eye socket cell inflammation, precursor hemorrhage ... Eye sockets and metastases far away. The tumor invades the nerves or the subarly cavity into the intracranial. The tumor can spread into the skull, spinal cord and lymph nodes. Since then, tumors along blood vessels, lymph vessels are metastatic to the body in the body.

> Retinal cells one eye: 75% of cases, children aged 2-4 years old. 16 months of age, inherited in 40%. The disease has a very bad prognosis. Most children die within 35 months. :

Stage 1: U (a drive or more drive) is still localized in the retina. And limited in the eyeball. Organs, bones, bone marrow ...).

People at risk for Retinal cell tumor's disease

Children, especially under 2 years of age

Children have abnormal eye symptoms such as strabismus, red eyes, eye hemorrhage, cat eye images .... Li> children with relatives in the family are sick

Prevention of Retinal cell tumor's disease

There is no specific preventive measure

The best way is to examine the eye for children when there is any sign of suspicion

examination and screening. For children with family elements

Diagnostic measures for Retinal cell tumor's disease

Testing in diagnostic retinal tumor include:

X -ray of the brain X -ray: 75% of cases of calcium in the eye socket and can identify the invasive eye of the tumor

ultrasound: Especially useful In the case of cloudy lens such as clouds

Computerized tomography: Advanced techniques help determine calcium and evaluate the treatment of diseases in the nerve, in the drive Eye and in the brain

Determining LDH in the glass: LDH increases in more than 90% of patients with retinal cancer

CEA and AFP concentration increases in the post -blood. That decreases to the normal level after removing the eyeball. Must be compulsory tests when diagnosing retinal cell tumors because the diagnosis is mainly by non -invasive methods of eyeball. Anatomy with a valuable after surgery helps assess the invasion of the tumor.

Retinal cell tumor's disease treatments

Surgical treatments, chemicals and radiation achieve positive results with

The full survival rate after 5 years with the intraocular tumor is 90%, the tumor has been invaded

Outside is 10%. The current trend of treatment is aiming to live with the guarantee

Visuality of patients

Surgery to remove eyeball:

Indication:

large tumors (60% of the volume of the eyeball)

Patients without vision

tumor invasive nerves, invasive Room money

failed previous conservation treatments

After surgery, chemicals or additional radiation in case of invasive cases iris, lashes, membranes ...

After cutting the eyeballs can be fitted to children.

Surgical complications: Sowing cancer cells into the eye socket.

Radiation:

indicated in the case of large tumors on both sides, sowing sprouts into the lens, tumors near the optic nerve

Complications of radiation: retinal damage, optic nerve, gland and lens

The second cancer that appears after radiation is also a complication to note, especially in patients with genetic retinal cells.Quang Dong Laser:

Applies to small tumors, width <4.5mm and thickness <2.5mm

Direct treatment within the tumor range, freezing blood vessels to supply tumors

Chemicals:

Chemicals are used in cases such as:

Multiple invasive> 25% of the retina in the region that is not radiotherapy

all large tumors are not removed

Mac

lesions spread outside the eyeball. /p>

History of intraocular surgery that is capable of sowing into glass or spreading malignant cells outside the eye.

Patients with opaque eye.

Radiation therapy using external projection can lead to secondary cancer, especially in patients with genetic retinal tumors.

Tumor invasive veins, nerves or eye drive increases the risk of metastases.

The risk of spreading into the nervous system: The type of external development (for example: from the outer layers of the retina towards the vein), increasing the internal pressure and the thickness of the block ≥ 15 mm. Ethil vascular iris vascular.

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