Saliva gland cancer

Saliva gland cancer's disease overview

Saliva tumor is a rare tumor in the salivary glands in the oral cavity. The salivary tumor can start at any salivary glands in the mouth, neck or throat of the patient. Saliva glands have the function of creating saliva, digestive support, keep your mouth moist and protect healthy teeth.

The structure of the salivary gland consists of 3 large pairs of parotid glands, lower jaw and lower tongue glands. The structural unit of the gland is cysts, some of the gland cysts are combined into minor minor, between the mini lobes alternating with the thin link. The number, composition and pH of saliva varies with age and a series of local diseases and digestive organs. When there is a neurological reflex disorder, conditional saliva secretion will imbalance, resulting in reduced or increased secretion. Saliva glands actively participate in many important processes and functions such as food digestion, excretion, oral environment, anti -fermentation, inflammation.

In the salivary glands and surrounding can develop various pathological processes, clinical images depending on the position and development properties of the disease. The most common salivary tumor occurs in the ear glands, accounting for nearly 85% of all salivary tumors and about 25% is salivary gland cancer under the jaw . Treatment of salivary tumor is often associated with surgery, but for cancer treatment, in addition to surgery, it also includes radiation and chemotherapy.So the salivary cancer is contagious or not When contact with patients through shared and even kissing, there will be details in the article below.

Causes of Saliva gland cancer's disease

Saliva tumors are very rare, accounting for less than 10% of all head and neck tumors. Currently, scientists have not found the cause of salivary tumor. Doctors said the salivary gland cancer occurs when the DNA of some cells in the salivary glands develop mutated. These mutations allow cells to grow and divide abnormally. Mutations continue to live while other normal cells will die. These cells accumulate to form a nearby tissue invasive tumor. Cancer cells can break and spread to the remote areas of the body.

Symptoms of Saliva gland cancer's disease

The main salivary glands are on each side of the face and under the tongue. Some important nerves and other structures run through or near the salivary glands and may be affected by the salivary tumors.

Signs and Salivary cancer symptoms include:

  • There are lumps or swelling in the mouth, cheeks, jaws or neck
  • Pain in the mouth, cheeks, jaw, ears or neck without help
  • There is a difference between the size and/or shape of the left and right of the face or neck before the tumor
  • In part of the face

    • There are weak muscles on one side of the face

  • It is difficult to open your mouth wider
  • There are abnormal fluids flowing from the ear
  • Difficult to swallow

    • Some of these signs and symptoms can also be caused by benign salivary tumors (not cancer) or other causes. However, if there is any of these problems, it is important for the patient to see a doctor as soon as possible to find and treat the cause if any.

    Transmission route of Saliva gland cancer's diseaseSaliva gland cancer

    Cancer cancer does not spread to healthy people through any path, including eating and kissing.

    People at risk for Saliva gland cancer's disease

    Risk factors are anything that affects the likelihood of disease like cancer. Different cancer has different risks. If a person has a risk factor or even many risk factors, it does not mean that he will definitely get sick. And many people with disease may have few or no risk factors known before. Some risk factors have been demonstrated to increase the risk of salivary cancer development, including:

  • The risk of salivary glands increases as age increases.

    • Cancer of salivary glands is more common in men than women.

  • Contact with radiation. Treatment of radiation in the head and neck for other reasons increases the risk of salivary gland cancer. Contact at work or environments with some radioactive substances can also increase the risk of salivary gland cancer.
  • Some studies show that people who work with some metals (nickel alloy dust) or minerals (silicon dust) and those working in asbestos, system Water pipes, rubber products and some types of wood processing may increase the risk of cancer salivary glands, but these relationships are not sure.
  • Use tobacco and alcohol. Tobacco and alcohol may increase the risk of some head and neck cancers, but they are not closely related to salivary gland cancer in most studies.
  • Diet. Some studies have found that a diet that is low in vegetables and lots of animal fats may increase the risk of salivary gland cancer.

    • Prevention of Saliva gland cancer's disease

    Healthy people should avoid some preventive risk factors such as tobacco, excessive alcohol use and unhealthy diet ... can reduce the ability to develop cancer. The salivary glands, but the results are currently not sure this. However, experts assert that when doing these will help reduce the risk of other cancers, more common, as well as many other diseases.

    For those who work in some industries related to increased risk of salivary gland cancer, taking preventive measures to protect themselves can help reduce the risk.

    Diagnostic measures for Saliva gland cancer's disease

    Saliva cancer is not common, so doctors do not advise patients to test unless patients have suspicious symptoms. However, because the position of the tumor is shallow, in many cases of salivary cancer can be detected early. Usually patients, dentists or doctors may notice a tumor in one of the salivary glands (usually on the sides of the face or in the mouth), especially end -stage salivary cancer . Checking the salivary glands to find tumors is usually a regular technique of medical and dental testing in general. However, it is still necessary to be alert with the possible signs and symptoms of salivary gland cancer and not to ignore them that can help early detect these cancers so that when the treatment is most effective. P>

    If the patient has signs or symptoms that may be caused by the salivary tumor, the doctor will do tests to find out if it is cancer or other disease. If identified as cancer, some other tests can be done to find out if it has spread.

    History of illness
  • The first step is that the doctor will ask about the patient's disease history, including the current symptoms, when the symptoms appear for the first time, the weaknesses Risks can cause salivary gland cancer and general health of patients.
  • During the physical examination, the doctor will carefully check the mouth and areas on both sides and around the ears and jaws. The doctor will touch and search for enlarged lymph nodes (subcutaneous lumps) in the neck, because this can be a sign of spreading cancer.
  • The doctor will also check the numbness or weakness on the patient's face (this may occur when cancer spreads to the nerve).
  • If this test results are abnormalities, the doctor may request to perform imaging diagnosis or ear, nose and throat examination.
    • Diagnostic imaging

    Imaging diagnostics using X -rays, magnetic fields or radioactive particles to create images inside the patient's body. Imaging diagnostics can be taken for a number of reasons such as helping to find suspicious areas may be cancer, cancer can spread to how effective and whether or not treatment is effective. >X-rays

    If there is a tumor or swelling in the jaw, the doctor may request an X-ray and teeth to find the tumor. If diagnosed with cancer, chest X-rays may be done to see if the cancer has spread to the lungs. This also provides other information about your heart and lungs can be helpful if the patient is indicated for surgery.

    Computerized tomography (CT or Cat)

    CT scan using X -rays to create a detailed cross -sectional image of the body. Unlike conventional X-rays, CT scan can display details in soft tissues with the size, shape and position of the tumor and can help find enlarged lymph nodes that can contain sacrifices Cancer. If necessary, CT scan can also be used to search for tumors in other parts of the body.

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Like CT scan, MRI scan creates detailed images of soft tissues in the body. But the MRI scan uses radio waves instead of X -rays. The energy from radio waves is absorbed and then released to create images of body tissues and certain diseases. And the images are displayed in detail of the body parts on the computer. MRI scan can help determine the accurate location and range of the tumor, and show that any lymph nodes are enlarged or if other organs have suspicious points, may be due to the spread. of cancer.

    Biopsy

    Symptoms and results of testing or image testing may suggest that you have salivary gland cancer, but cancer diagnosis is done by taking cells from abnormal areas and Looking at them under a microscope to determine whether it is cancer cells or not.

    Saliva gland cancer's disease treatments

    Surgery:

    Surgery is usually the main treatment for salivary gland cancer. Cancer can be removed or not depends largely on its development level in neighboring structures, but it also depends on the skills and experience of the surgeon. If treated by an experienced surgeon in the field of salivary gland cancer is the best opportunity to completely eliminate cancer. In most cases, cancer and some or all saliva glands around will be removed. Soft tissue nearby can also be removed. The goal is that there is no cancer cells on the sides of the tumor removed. If the cancer is strongly active, it is likely to develop and spread quickly or if it has spread to the lymph nodes, the lymph nodes from the same neck can be peeled off.

    Radiation therapy:

    Radiation therapy uses X -rays or high energy particles to kill cancer cells or slow their growth.

    Radiotherapy can be used when:

  • is the main treatment (alone or in combination with chemotherapy) for some salivary cancer that cannot be removed by surgery because of the size or position of Tumor or if the patient does not want surgery for personal reasons.

    • After surgery (alone or in combination with chemotherapy) to try to destroy any cancer cells that can be left to help reduce the risk of cancer growth. Back.

    In people with progressive salivary gland cancer to reduce symptoms such as pain, bleeding or difficulty swallowing Chemotherapy:

    Chemotherapy is an anti -cancer drug that is passed into a vein or by oral. The drugs when entering the blood and to all areas of the body, making this treatment useful for cancers that have metastasized from the head and neck. Chemotherapy is often not used to treat salivary gland cancer.

    For people with salivary, chemotherapy cancer is often used when cancer has metastasized to remote organs in the absence of surgery and radiotherapy. Chemicals have the function of shrinking tumors, but it is not able to cure this type of cancer. Some chemical drugs make cancer cells easily destroyed by radiation. These drugs can be used with radiation (called chemotherapy) to prevent saliva cancer at high risk of returning after surgery.

    Doctors give chemotherapy in the cycle, with each stage of treatment followed is a resting period for the body to recover time. The chemotherapy cycle usually lasts about 3 to 4 weeks. Chemotherapy may not be recommended for patients with poor health or high age.

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