Secondary hypertension

Secondary hypertension's disease overview

Hypertension is the disease of the present era, with the incidence of over 30% of the population. Hypertension is always like a "silent killer" because it has many long -term consequences for patients if not treated. Blood pressure is defined as the pressure of blood flow on the wall, manifested by two numbers Examples 140/90mmHg, 130/80mmHg ... where the higher number is the maximum blood pressure (systolic blood pressure), the low number More than minimum blood pressure (diastolic blood pressure). According to the European Cardiology Association (ESC) as well as the Vietnam Heart Association, called hypertension when systolic blood pressure is over 140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure above 90mmHg or both.

Hypertension is divided into two groups, hypertension and hypertension, also known as secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension accounts for how much percentage has a difference between studies, about 10%on average. This article will mention secondary hypertension.

Causes of Secondary hypertension's disease

The cause of secondary hypertension mechanism is quite diverse. In which the common causes include:

Kidney diseases: acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, kidney stones, kidney stenosis ...

Endocrine diseases: adrenal marrow, Aldosteron, Cushing, Hyperthyroidism, ...

Due to drug use: licorice, birth control pills ...

Pre -poisoning: Pre -eclampsia, pregnancy hypertension ...

Symptoms of Secondary hypertension's disease

Need to think about secondary hypertension when there are the following signs:

Hypertension appears in young people under 30 or older than 60

Hypertension against treatment

There are signs depending on the cause of hypertension:

Thinking of kidney narrowing: There is a blow in the abdomen, increasing creatinine over 30% when used inhibits enzymes, inhibiting receptors, recurrent pulmonary edema with hypertension

Thinking of Cuong Aldosteron: Hypotension of unexplained blood potassium

Hypertension caused by adrenal marrow: There are hypertension, headache, sweating, heart beating ...

Signs of Cushing syndrome: Abdominal fat, stretch marks, muscle atrophy, round face like the moon ...

People at risk for Secondary hypertension's disease

Each cause of hypertension has different risk factors:

Childbirth late after the age of 35, multiple pregnancy, prone to high risk of hypertension, pre -eclampsia

Abuse of corticoid analgesics

Having diseases that damage acute and chronic kidneys

Prevention of Secondary hypertension's disease

Not giving birth late after the age of 35

Do not take painkillers of unknown origin

Use corticosteroids as directed by your doctor

Thoroughly treating diseases that can cause kidney damage: kidney stones, pyelonephritis, ...

Diagnostic measures for Secondary hypertension's disease

First need to diagnose hypertension:

Based on blood pressure measurement at the clinic, measuring blood pressure at home

Holter blood pressure: Monitoring blood pressure for 24 hours, thereby being able to identify average blood pressure, hypertension peaks for both diagnostic and treatment purposes

If measuring blood pressure at the clinic: Hypertension when blood pressure ≥ 140/90mmhg

Measure blood pressure by Holter: Hypertension when blood pressure during the daytime ≥ 135/85mmHg, night average blood pressure ≥ 120/70mmhg

Self -measurement of blood pressure at home many times: Hypertension when blood pressure ≥ 135/85 mmHg

Diagnosis of causes of hypertension:

Doppler kidney ultrasound if suspected of kidney narrowing

Hormone tests seeking causes of hypertension when suspected: blood cortisol, aldosteron, blood catecholamine and urine, FT4 , Tsh ...

magnetic resonance imaging, cutting abdominal layers to find adrenal tumors

Secondary hypertension's disease treatments

Treatment of secondary hypertension in addition to blood pressure control also has to treat the cause of it

Main hypertension medications:

Calci channel blockers: amlodipine, nifedipin, felodipine ... can cause side effects are edema, fast reaction. Do not use small nifedipin under the tongue because it can cause hypotension

AT1: Lisinopril, Cappril, Cappril, Vasartan, Losartan ... usually lower, but the transferred enzyme inhibitors can cause dry cough. Inhibiting receptors does not cause cough but the price is high. Effective is equivalent.

Sympathetic beta blockers: metoprolol, bisoprolol ... need to use starting from low doses, increasing

Diuretics: There are many groups of drugs but often use thiazide diuretic. Side effects can cause electrolytes and metabolism.

Treatment of causes of hypertension:

There are many points to pay attention when treating secondary hypertension because it is different from the treatment of normal hypertension

Priority pregnancy hypertension is methyldopa, followed by a calcium channel blocker like Nifedipin, not used to inhibit enzymes and receptor inhibitors

Can interfere with kidney circuits if kidney narrowing caused by kidney muscle fibers

Surgical surgery if there is adrenal tumor causing hypertension

Treatment of hyperthyroidism with synthetic thyroid drugs

See also:

What is the normal blood pressure of women?

How much is your blood pressure from 40 years and older?

Normal blood pressure index in the classification of the World Health Organization

Children's normal blood pressure index?

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