Spinal stenosis

Spinal stenosis's disease overview

Human spine is made up of the overlapping of many vertebrae. Each vertebrae has a living hole for the spinal cord to pass. The spinal tube is the hollow cavity formed from the overlap of the living holes of the spine and is the place where the spinal cord and nerve roots.What is

What is the spinal stenosis?

The stenosis of the spinal tube is a condition that the spinal tube is narrowed (due to many different reasons) that compresses the spinal cord and/or nerve roots. This is a fairly common disease, often occurring in the objects> 50 years old, few differences in the incidence of men and women. The disease rarely seen in young people, often caused by genetics or sequelae after spinal trauma

Symptoms of the disease are very diverse, depending on the location of the spinal segment is narrow and the degree of narrow but has different manifestations, from light to heavy such as: numbness, fatigue; Back pain and large hip pain can spread to both feet causing paresthesia (numbness and tremor), sometimes paralysis (can be completely paralyzed ½ of the lower or limb) and round muscle disorders and round muscle disorders , urinary retention ...

Vigue stenosis is usually not too dangerous, but in some cases, the doctor will perform surgery to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.

The disease is often slow, for many years or decades. The disc becomes elastic with age, reduces the height of the disc, and can cause a breeze to keep the disc into the spinal tube. At the same time, it may be due to the growth of bone spines and thick ligaments. All of these factors contribute to narrowing the spinal tube and can cause symptoms. Symptoms may be caused by inflammation, nerve compression, or by both.

Causes of Spinal stenosis's disease

Causes of spinal stenosis may be congenital, for example, many people were born with a smaller part of the spine;

Causes of spinal stenosis may be caused by a herniated disc or spondylosis, vertebral twin -burned spine into the spinal tube.

  • Degenerative changes can lead to the formation of bone spines from the vertebrae, these bone spines can grow into the spine and pinch the spinal cord.

    • The degeneration of spinal ligaments (for example: posterior vertical ligament, gold ligament) causes these ligaments to thicken and narrow the spine.

  • If the spinal arthritis occurs, these joints will enlarge so much that they compress the spinal tube.

    • Disc herniation: A herniated or aneurized disc will reduce the front and back diameter of the spinal tube.

    Other causes: spinal arthritis (causing hypertrophy of spinal joints to narrow the spinal tube); Degeneration of disc (due to reducing the height of the disc, thereby causing the yellow ligament to be bent, pinched into the spinal tube); Bone diseases (such as paget disease); Ever spinal injury or tumor in the spine.

    Symptoms of Spinal stenosis's disease

    Patients with spinal stenosis often suffer from dull aches and pains quite often, sometimes intense pain that makes the patient tired, mental always tense.

    The disease has many rich and diverse manifestations, depending on the narrow position of the spinal tube and the narrow level. The most common are symptoms due to neck stenosis and lumbar spinal stenosis.

    Symptoms of neck stenosis

    Painful shoulder and neck (neck syndrome); numb, weak or both hands;  In case of severe pinched in the high segment may be paralyzed.

    Symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis

    about 75% of cases of spinal stenosis occur in the lumbar spine (called lumbar spinal stenosis). The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae at the low segment of the spine, between ribs and pelvis. The patient has a lumbar spinal stenosis when the nerve roots in the waist are pinched, or congestion, and this can create symptoms of sciatica.

  • back pain, lumbar pain, pain in the buttocks, thighs, legs (due to the compromised sciatica). Although sometimes the symptoms and leg pain due to stenosis of the spinal tube to an instant, but in general, they have progressed for a long time.
  • numbness, tingling in the buttocks or legs: When the pressure of pinched on the nerve roots increases, it will cause numbness, itching of the buttocks, legs and accompanied by accompanying Pain.
  • Foot becomes weaker, difficult to control movement, travel: Some patients are affected by one side, but there are many cases affecting both legs and disease to be ill. Long will make the patient's travel problem more difficult.
  • Sitting or leaning forward less pain than walking because the study shows that, when leaning forward, it will help increase the space in the spinal tube to avoid pinching compression on The nerves help reduce pain effectively. Many people with spinal disease, lumbar spinal stenosis can still ride a normal bicycle, but when standing upright or walking will cause more pain and uncomfortable.
  • The longer you stand or walk, the more painful leg pain. Curfing or sitting down will widen the spinal tube and reduce leg pain as well as reduce other symptoms, but the pain will return if you leave your back in a straight position.
  • great, urinary incontinence due to lesions

    • In short, depending on the narrow spinal tube, it causes compression on different nerve roots that cause different diseases. The symptoms, the extent of the spinal stenosis depend on many factors such as: the narrow width of the spinal tube, the narrow or the narrow, the sensitivity of the related nerves, the ability to withstand pain. of each person ...

    Prevention of Spinal stenosis's disease

    The following living habits and lifestyle habits will help you limit the spinal stenosis:

  • Periodic re -examination on schedule to ensure closely monitor the progress of symptoms as well as your health status.
  • Take the medication under the guidance of the doctor, do not arbitrarily use the drug without being prescribed or arbitrarily quit in the prescription for you.
  • Lose a reasonable diet, try to maintain a suitable weight, good combination of movement and nutrition to avoid obesity (weight loss helps reduce pressure on the spine)
  • Cold or hot compresses to relieve pain.
  • Eliminate obstacles: Keep your home not messy or slippery because it can cause falls. Should wear fit shoes, low heels to help you keep your balance.

    • Diagnostic measures for Spinal stenosis's disease

    The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs mentioned above in combination with diagnostic imaging, including:

    Mostly imaging diagnostic tests

  • X-Quang: Allow the evaluation of the spine structure
  • CT Scanner: The image is created by combining many X-rays together and can display the shape and size of the spinal tube, the internal components, The surrounding structures with anatomical details of the bone.
  • MRI: Create images with magnetic energy and computer technology. Can display spinal cord, nerve roots and surrounding areas, as well as hypertrophy, degeneration or tumor.
  • Bone marrow: Injecting contrast drugs into cerebrospinal fluid cavity to record the shape of nerves and spinal cord, and show evidence of any compression that affects the area This area; It can be seen on X-ray, sometimes done with CT-SCAN.

    • It is found that each type of spinal stenosis has a dynamic effect on nerve compression, for example when heavy calves. Due to this dynamic compression, the symptoms of the spinal stenosis are very different between the time and the overall clinical search will not see any nerve damage or weak muscle. A few current test methods allow patients to stand upright to assess the effect of vertical pressure on the spine.

    Spinal stenosis's disease treatments

    Depending on the condition and level of the disease (severe or medium), we can choose surgical treatment or conservation treatment by medical and physical therapy methods. The goal is to reduce symptoms such as painkillers, massage, acupuncture, physical therapy, mild sedatives and high -dose B vitamins also work because the drug affects the anti -inflammatory and inflammatory process and Anti -degeneration, especially for neurotransmitter.

    Conservation treatment

    is a combination of drug treatment, posture adjustment, stretching and exercise that can help many patients when the pain broke out. Losing weight, quitting smoking and strong bone methods can also be indicated.

    Medical treatment
  • Anti -inflammatory and analgesic drugs can be used to reduce swelling and pain. Most pain can be treated with non -prescription drugs. But if the pain is several or prolonged, prescription medication can be prescribed.

    • Epidicular injection can be indicated to reduce pain for patients: Injecting cortisone into the epidural cavity can temporarily reduce the symptoms of the spinal stenosis. Cortisone injections rarely recover from the disease but they can reduce pain by 50% of cases. Physiotherapy and/or exercise

    Change of activity: For example, walking while bending your back forward and sticks or sticks Pisclers in the hand push the car instead of walking upright; cycling (the person pouring out first, leaning on the steering wheel instead of walking for exercise; sitting on the backrest chairs rather than sitting straight back) can help stabilize and protect the spine, create durability and increase Flexibility, can help return to life and daily activities. Typically, therapy is encouraged for about 4-6 weeks. Massage methods, acupuncture, cold compresses (or hot compresses) can help you relieve pain.

    Surgical treatment

    will be set in case the treatment is not effective above, the symptoms are less improved and the patient does not respond to it. Conservative treatments (medication, spine stretching, rehabilitation ...). Currently, there are many different methods of surgery such as: surgery to solve neurological solutions, to broaden the spinal tube; or combine to support the supporting tools after silicon, surgery to remove the entire disc with fixed bone welding; laparoscopic surgery to open bone window ... In addition to the above techniques, depending on the case of specific patients, the surgeon may appoint appropriate surgical methods such as using osteoporosis screws trying Determined after neuromuscular injection in cases of osteoporosis patients, fixed spine after lying spine in cases of multi -layered spinal stenosis in the elderly.

    See also:

  • How much vertebral human spine has?
  • Lumbar spinal degeneration: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
  • Vive -burning: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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