Still disease in adults

Still disease in adults's disease overview

What is Still disease?

Still disease is a systemic inflammatory disease, the cause of unknown disease. George Still was the first to describe Still's disease in children in 1897 so he took his name to give the name of the disease. Still disease appears in both adults and children. Still disease in children is considered as a form of systemic arthritis, many arthritis appears before 16 years old, and lasts at least 3 months. Still disease in adults has more diverse manifestations.

What is

What is Still disease in adults?

Still disease in adults (Adht-onSet Still’s Disease, AISD) is a Still disease on adults, not a common disease. The disease is common in the age of 16-35, rarely seen in the elderly, the proportion of men and women is the same. The most prominent clinical manifestation is high fever, inflammation and joint pain, accompanied by skin manifestations such as erythema. Symptoms of clinical diseases are diverse, but not specific, so they are often diagnosed late and incorrect. The identification of the disease often needs to combine many factors and usually a diagnosis. It should be noted that the cases of still in patients with cancer should always be wary of finding cancer signs in patients with suspicious manifestations of Still.

Still disease in adults can be divided into three forms, based on the clinical and progressive symptoms of the disease:

  • Self -limiting disease: This is mild, with systemic symptoms such as fever, skin rash on the skin, with liver, spleen and large lymph nodes. Most patients in this form recover completely within the first year of the disease.

  • Sales of acute: The disease progresses into several exacerbations, alternating by stable stages in a few months or several years, the following diseases often have better prognosis than the time. The onset of the disease. This disease is classified as average, may have symptoms in the joint or not.  

    • Chronic arthritis form: Most patients in this disease have severe joint damage, which is the result of chronic arthritis, and need to replace fake joints. The lesions are usually at the root of the limb, accompanied by a skin that floating on the skin. This is the worst disease, with the worst prognosis.

    Causes of Still disease in adults's disease

    The cause of Still disease in adults is not yet well understood. Many experts agree that the whole disease of Still is related to the HLA-B17 system, the B18, B35, DR2, and the cytokines IFN Gamma, Interleukin 6, TNF Alpha. Therefore, the disease is classified as a system of systemic diseases with diverse manifestations throughout the body.

    Symptoms of Still disease in adults's disease

    Still disease in adults has a variety of clinical manifestations, most commonly the following symptoms:

  • Fever: Patients with high fever and lasts many hours, usually above 39 degrees Celsius, most common in the early morning or evening. Symptoms of fever appears daily or in Japan, lasting for weeks, causing patients to be exhausted and thin, so they are easily confused with other systemic diseases such as blood, bacterial infections, or diseases of the system. Other. Fever often appears before symptoms of joint pain.
  • Red rash on the skin: Appearing on the arms, legs and back, rarely seen on the face. The erythematosus on the skin emerged when the patient had a high fever and diving when the fever was gone. Patients may feel mild itching so it is easy to confuse with the erythema in the context of allergies.
  • joint pain and arthritis: The commonly damaged joints are knee joints, wrists, ankles, elbows and shoulder joints. These joints have progressed inflammation in batches, may be accompanied by joint effusion but does not cause complications such as joint deformation, joints
    • Other symptoms: Some other symptoms that the patient may also experience if there is Still disease in adults such as muscle pain, sore throat, liver, liver, spleen, lymph nodes big with the rate of changes for each patient.

    Clinical symptoms of Still's disease in adults are diverse but nonspecific. Therefore, when there are any abnormal signs, patients are not subjective and arbitrarily treated, immediately need to go to the medical facility for advice and proper treatment.

    Transmission route of Still disease in adults's diseaseStill disease in adults

    Still disease in adults is a systemic disease, autoimmune, not spread from patients to healthy people.

    People at risk for Still disease in adults's disease

    There is no factor that has been clearly defined, increasing the risk of Still disease in adults. People with relatives in the family have Still in adults or other systemic diseases that are more likely to get the disease.

    Prevention of Still disease in adults's disease

    Still disease in adults is a systemic disease, the cause of unknown so there is no measure that is considered to be able to prevent the disease.

    Diagnostic measures for Still disease in adults's disease

    Still disease in adults is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms. Subclinical tests play a role in eliminating autoimmune diseases, blood diseases or other systemic diseases that manifest similar to Still disease in adults, including:

  • Determination of systemic inflammation: blood sedimentation speed, reaction C protein (CRP) and fibrinogen increased, gamma globulin increased IgG.
  • Blood formula: high blood blood cells> 20g/l, polygon leukemia dominated, due to the proliferation of granulocytes. Platelets, red blood cells decreased in the progression of the disease.
  • normal bone marrow biopsy.

    • Serum ferritin quantification: increases during the disease progression, usually over 1000 ng/l and returns to normal value when retreating.

    X -ray of the joints: There is no specific change in the film, especially when the disease is still in the early stage.

    Immune testing group: Low element, antibody antibodies (ANA) and double -chain antibodies (anti dsdna) are negative

  • Negative blood cultivation, no bacterial detection.

    • Yamaguchi in 1992 issued a diagnostic criteria including:

    Main standard:

  • Against pain lasts at least 2 weeks.

    • Fever is higher than 39 degrees Celsius, lasting at least 1 week.

  • Floating skin on the skin, "salmon" color.
    • white blood cells increased over 10g/l, of which neutrophils accounted for over 80%.

    Auxiliary standard:

  • Sore throat.

    • Large lymph nodes.

  • Large spleen.

    • Liver dysfunction, liver enzyme increased.

  • Antibiotic antibodies and low elements are negative.

    • The disease is diagnosed with 2/4 main standards and 3/5 sub -standard.

    In short, diagnosing Still in adults is a diagnosis, established when the patient has suspected clinical symptoms and subclinical tests to eliminate other diseases that need to be distinguished. .

    Still disease in adults's disease treatments

    Treatment of Still disease in adults today mainly focus on treating symptoms and slowing down the progression of the disease, including controlling fever and arthritis, inhibiting body immunity , limiting the complications of the disease.

    In addition, the use of drugs is very important and should be used according to the doctor's instruction/appointment. In addition to medication, patients need to be monitored with clinical and subclinical tests such as blood formula, serum ferritin, bilan testing for inflammation, urine testing, liver function at least 3 month / time.

    See also:

  • Atopic dermatitis: Things to know
  • Package for examination and treatment advice on atopic dermatitis /Li>
  • Weather allergies: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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