Syndrome of toxic shock

Syndrome of toxic shock's disease overview

What is

What is poisoning syndrome?

Toxic shock syndrome (Toxic shock syndrome-TSS) is a rare infection , very sudden symptoms, threatening risks The patient's network. The disease is caused by the release of toxins from the excessive growth of staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcus aureus) or streptococcus a.

Poisoning syndrome usually occurs in women during menstruation, especially women who use super -absorbing tampons. The poisoning shock syndrome became a focus in the US in the late 1970s and early 1980s, when some women died after using a branded tampon -absorbing tampon brand, label. This brand was eliminated from the market later.

More than one -third of cases of poisoning shock related to women under 19 years old and up to 30% of women who are sick will recur. The disease affects and weakens quickly organs and patients who need immediately medical care.

Causes of Syndrome of toxic shock's disease

Poisoning syndrome is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, this is one of the bacteria that often cause skin infections in burns and patients after surgery.

Staphylococcus aureus is found in women's vagina, under normal physiological conditions, they are not harmful. However, when the conditions have appropriate development, they will grow rapidly and release toxins, these toxins enter the bloodstream, causing toxic shock syndrome.

During menstruation, the factors that favor bacterial infections are:

When using tampons with too high absorbency will make the vagina dry, change the vaginal pH, and create conditions for bacteria to grow. >

If the tampons are not replaced regularly, they will become an ideal place for bacteria to grow. Especially when tampon tampons, usually made of polyester fibers, will provide a better development environment for bacteria than sanitary pads made of cotton or silk fibers. On the other hand, when sliding tampon into a vaginal position can cause small scratches on the vaginal wall, causing small blood vessels, increasing the risk of bacteria invading the blood.

Pottered sponges, diaphragm tools used in the vagina to prevent pregnancy are also at risk of toxic shock.

In addition, bacteria can penetrate disease through open wounds on the skin, wounds when burned, surgery, after birth, ... >

Symptoms of Syndrome of toxic shock's disease

In toxic shock syndrome, many organs in the body will be affected at the same time. The common symptoms of the disease are like symptoms of other infections such as swelling, heat, redness, pain, and body fatigue. These symptoms usually appear after about 2 days of infection. Specific evidence of each patient depends on the type of bacteria that the patient suffers.

The most common factor is Staphylococcus aureus staphylococcus aureus, when the staphylococcus aureus will experience symptoms: high fever (usually over 390 ° C), cold, headache, fatigue Fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain, bruises appear, red rash such as sunburn throughout the body, thirst, heart beating fast, lowering blood pressure, the amount of urine decreases. The skin may be peeled in pieces, usually in the palm of the hand and feet 1-2 weeks after the symptoms appear.

Streptococcus streptococcus infection syndrome often occurs after chickenpox, skin infection or weak immune system. Symptoms are intense aches and pains occurring suddenly, shocking due to reduced volume of circulation, bleeding, bruises appear, redness like sunburns appear throughout the body, very low blood pressure, difficulty Breathing, dizziness, fatigue, heartbeat. The phenomenon of peeling may occur as in the syndrome of staphylococcus aureus.

People at risk for Syndrome of toxic shock's disease

Both men and women can have poisoning syndrome. High risk occurs in:

Women use foam, contraceptive diaphragm or tampone tampon -shaped tampons.

People with open skin wounds or skin burns.

People who have just undergone surgery and childbirth

People infected with viruses, such as flu, chicken pox, people with weak immune system.

Prevention of Syndrome of toxic shock's disease

If during menstruation that symptoms of high fever, vomiting or diarrhea appear, stop using sanitary pads and go to medical facilities for examination, for examination, Determined whether or not there is toxic shock syndrome. This is a dangerous disease if not treated in the early stages, so all careful things are needed.

Should choose the type of tampons that are absorbent for themselves. It is wise to use tampons with too high absorbency because it will increase the risk of bacterial shock, cause dryness, vaginal ulcer, etc. will be stagnant, reflux, causing infection, ...

During menstruation, should bathe, clean. Wash your hands before and after changing tampons, especially tampon tampons.

Replace tampons regularly, about 4-5 hours/time. Use alternating sanitary pads and cotton pads when the amount of menstrual fluid is low. When not menstruation should not use tampons.

Carefully takes care of open wounds on the skin, burns, ... should see a doctor for advice, prescribe appropriate drugs. If indicated antibiotics, must use antibiotics enough doses, enough daily.

Diagnostic measures for Syndrome of toxic shock's disease

The doctor will diagnose the disease based on history, risk factors, clinical symptoms and blood and urine tests, in some cases that need negative fluids. Tao, cervix and throat spread for analysis.

Because toxic shock syndrome can affect many different organs, in some cases, the doctor will appoint a layer of cutting (CT), X-ray scan Chest, spinal cord detection to assess the level of disease

Syndrome of toxic shock's disease treatments

This is a life -threatening disease, patients need to be hospitalized early, diagnosed and treated promptly.

Patients are often prescribed antibiotics while the doctor searches and determines the source of infection. Determine drugs to stabilize blood pressure in case of low blood pressure, infusion to treat dehydration. Depending on the symptoms of each patient, there will be a suitable treatment for medication.

Patients will be indicated for oxygen and mechanical ventilation if respiratory failure. Toxins from staphylococcus aureus bacteria and streptococcus streptococcus can cause blood pressure with renal failure, in this case, the patient may be prescribed dialysis.

When passing the dangerous stage, the symptoms are controlled, the patient still has to maintain the use of prescribed drugs, have a proper diet, rest,, Must exercise, practice slowly to return to normal life.

See also:

Infectious shock - Why dangerous? > Emergency dialysis patients with multiple viscera due to infections

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