T -cell lymphoma

T -cell lymphoma's disease overview

What is

is a type in Hodgkin non -lymphoma, accounting for 1/3 of the cases, 2/3 of the remaining cases are cell lymphoma B. Hodgkin non -lymphoma is a group of diseases of the nest lympho. This is a group of diseases with malignant proliferation of lymphocytes. The disease is encountered at all ages, common from 45-55 years old, rare in children. Men tend to have higher disease than women.

Causes of T -cell lymphoma's disease

Causes of T lymphocyt tumors have not been clearly defined.

Risk factors for T cell lymphoma include:

Infections: HIV, EBV. These two virus infections increase the risk of T cell lymphoma

immune: Natural immunodeficiency, immunodeficiency (HIV/AIDS, after EBV infection, after organ transplantation ...)

Autoimmune disease

Environmental factors: pesticides, dioxin, radioactive ...

Obesity is associated with the incidence of disease

Symptoms of T -cell lymphoma's disease

60% -100% of patients have large lymph nodes, common in the neck, upper hole, armpits, groin, may experience medium lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes (in case of medium lymph nodes and abdominal lymph nodes Can only be detected on film or ultrasound)

Outward lesions

about 40% of patients with external lesions, even only outside lymph nodes such as stomach, amydal, eye sockets, skin ...

Spleen can be large, especially the lymphoma or the late stage of the disease.

Less less common liver, often accompanied by enlarged lymph nodes and/or spleen. Symptoms "B"

encounter about 25% with symptoms of fever, night sweating, weight loss over 10% of body weight in 6 months do not explain the cause.

In the late stages, patients appear anemia, bacterial infection, hemorrhage and compression and invasive manifestations of lymphatic organization.

T lymphocyt cells are divided into 4 stages:

Stage I: Interpretation of a lymphadenopathy or an outside position

Stage 2: Damage to two or more lymphadenopathy on the same side of the diaphragm. Or localized lesions in one location or an outside lymph node and lymph nodes of its region, accompanied by or no other lymphic area on one side of the diaphragm.

Stage 3: Damage lies on both sides of the diaphragm. Can damage in the spleen, or an outside position, or both

Stage 4: Scattered lesions scattered many organs or external tissues (such as: bone marrow, liver, lung ...), with or without lymphadenopathy. >

People at risk for T -cell lymphoma's disease

HIV -infected patients, EBV

Immunpleted people such as end -stage HIV, organ transplants, immunosuppressors

Exposure to toxic chemicals: Radioactive regional workers, pesticides, dioxin ...

unsafe sex people, many partners

Old age

obesity patients

Patients with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis,

Prevention of T -cell lymphoma's disease

Safe sex

There are not many partners

Labor protection when working in an environment with toxic chemicals

Maintain a reasonable weight: healthy eating, exercise.

Diagnostic measures for T -cell lymphoma's disease

Lymph nodes: Lymph nodes are quite homogeneous, mainly lymphoblast or prosthocyte, rarely meticulous leukemia, plasmocyte, macrophages, fibrous cells.

Lymphadenic biopsy or lymphocytes: follicles or spreading lesions with large or small or small, small cells.

Immune tissue: Based on immunity marks to help classify lymphoma without Hodgkin B, T or NK.

Other tests:

Total peripheral blood cell analysis: Reducing the amount of pigmentation, reducing the number of platelets, the number of white blood cells may increase or decrease.

LDH: increase in about 30% of cases.

blood calcium: increase

Kidney liver function may be disturbed, beta 2 microglobulin usually increases.

Imaging methods such as ultrasound, X-ray, CT, PET, PET-CT, MRI help detect deep lymphadenopathy such as medium lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes ... and other metastatic locations.

Bone marrow and dyeing immune tissue help detect tumors invasive tumors.

Genetic test - molecular biology and serum immunity test: depending on the type of lymphoma without Hodgkin, there is a reasonable test.

T -cell lymphoma's disease treatments

Treatment of T cell lymphoma Based on the stage of disease and pathology, mainly combining radiation, surgery only applied in some specific cases .

Surgery:

In case of diagnostic biopsy

Can remove lymphoma tumors (stomach, intestines) that are at risk of bleeding, bowel obstruction or hollow organ perforation

Radiotherapy:

Treatment in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment

Radiation therapy alone in cases of contraindications to chemicals

Additional radiotherapy after chemicals, the rays of the rays are localized in the original or remaining lymph nodes after chemotherapy.

Chemicals:

Indications in most cases

Select the treatment regimen based on: the stage of disease, the pathology of the pathology, whether or not the syndrome B, the condition of the patient.

Side effects of chemical treatment depend on each regimen. The most common is nausea and hair loss. Dangerous complications such as: myocardial lesions, lung damage, genital organs (Leukemia) Automatic marrow transplantation/Self -stem cell transplantation: or the patient

Patients with bone marrow transplantation are at high risk of infection

Treatment of Nguyen Phat Central Neurological Lymphoma: High doses of methotrexate or no cytarabine. After that, radiotherapy throughout the brain or transplant the stem cells itself. In case of progression or contraindicating chemotherapy can radiate whole brain (may be with corticosteroids)

Treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV/AIDS patients, immunodeficiency: Multi-chemotherapy is similar with G-CSF.

monitor after treatment

Special cases: large lymph nodes, fever, weight loss ... must be examined immediately.

With the rapid progression, re -examination every month in the first year. Then every 3 months in the 2nd year; 6 months/ time in 3 years and then 1 year/ time.

With the group progressing slowly every 3 months in the first year. After that, 4 months/ month for the 2nd, 6 months of the 3rd year.

Each regular examination should pay attention:

Clinical examination: Pay attention to clinical symptoms, enlarged lymph nodes, enlarged liver, spleen.

Testing: Total blood cell analysis, blood biochemistry; Chest belly or Pet, PET/CT every 6 months in the first 2 years. Bone marrow test at least every 2 years. Redo biopsy when lymph nodes return or have new lesions.

See also:

Car-T cell therapy development to treat blood cancer

Car-T cell therapy in cancer treatment

Cancer treatment mechanism of immunosuppressive control therapy

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