Throat cancer

Throat cancer's disease overview

Oyca cancer is one of the 10 most common and most common cancer types in neck cancer diseases.

The incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer varies from geographical areas, low incidence in Europe and Western countries, the highest rate in the southeastern region of China.

Diagnostic nasopharyngeal cancer is often slow due to the vague, not specific symptoms that are easily confused with the benign diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

There are three main factors related to throat cancer: Epstein-Barr virus infection, genetic factors and environmental factors.

Causes of Throat cancer's disease

The cause of throat cancer has not been clearly defined. Some risk factors include:

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): EBV belongs to the Herpesviridae virus family. The EBV has been shown to be related to the pathogenesis in throat cancer

genetic factors: Some cases of throat cancer occur in many family members. Chromosomes 3P, 9P, 11Q, 13A, 14Q and 16Q causes mutations of tumor inhibiting genes, leading to cancer formation. Volaratical nitrosamine is a known carcinogen, causing nasal carcinoma, sinuses in experiments (salted fish, salted ...). An example proves the role of environmental factors is the incidence of throat cancer in Chinese people migrating to the US with another diet is lower than people living in China. >

Smoking: Tobacco contains toxic substances such as benzene, hydrocarbon, arsenic, nicotine .. increases the risk of throat cancer. Oral sex not only increases the risk of throat cancer but also increases the risk of sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, syphilis, genital warts ...

Symptoms of Throat cancer's disease

Design manifestations Early stage is often poor, easy to ignore because they are often confused with symptoms of inflammation of the ear, nose and throat.

Symptoms of throat cancer are common:

Symptoms in the ear: usually manifest on one side such as tinnitus, ear pain, and fluid in the ear. Patients may appear poorly, deaf, sometimes going to the hospital in the disease of the otitis media due to the tumor clogged Eustache. One or two sides, persistent bloody nose, non -supportive medical treatment. Sutta: Points, strabismus, migraine, dizziness, loss of pharyngeal area Label. Usually high neck lymph nodes (eg kuttner lymphadenopathy), there are many lymph nodes that appear on one or 2 necks. Nymph nodes are hard or firm, limited, painless. Nodules can be pinched, causing difficulty swallowing, swallowing, swallowing pain.

Stage 1 throat cancer : U still limited to the arch, mouth or nasal cavity. Mainly manifestations of symptoms in the ears and nose. There is a diameter of less than 6 cm. Patients show symptoms in the ears, nose and neck lymph nodes.

Stage 3 throat cancer : tumor invasive to the bones and sinuses edges, neck lymph nodes appear on both sides, smaller lymph nodes size 6 cm. Patients with symptoms in the ears, nose, and neck lymph nodes with a severity

end -stage throat cancer : Tumor invasive intracellular, invasive nerves, lower throat, eye sockets accompanied by nodes on both sides or The neck lymph nodes are greater than 6 cm. The patient shows more symptoms of eye and neurological symptoms. In addition, if metastasis is far from the patient, there will be symptoms at metastatic organs (lungs, bones, etc.)

People at risk for Throat cancer's disease

Male patients, aged 30-55

History of smoking, drinking alcohol

with relatives in the family with throat cancer.

People have a habit of eating foods such as salted fish, melon, ....

Prevention of Throat cancer's disease

Nostalgia cancer is a disease that has not found a clear cause, so there is no specific preventive measure.

Some measures to prevent throat cancer:

No smoking

Do not drink alcohol

Limit eating fermented foods, sour salt, ... Regular sports

Diagnostic measures for Throat cancer's disease

Diagnostic throat cancer tests:

Endoscopy nose and throat: Helps to observe, detect and evaluate the tumor and press the biopsy

Biopsy of lesions: Press the biopsy through the nose or the mouth of the mouth.

Smires cells into small needles: is indicated if there is a suspected metastatic neck. Nutlap invasion Helps to evaluate the metastases far.

Throat cancer's disease treatments

Principle of treatment:

Radiotherapy is a basic treatment in throat cancer due to sensitivity to radiation.

Chemicals: Usually applied before radiation therapy or in radiation therapy (simultaneous radiation).

Surgical surgery: Occupation surgery is indicated in the case of the remaining lymphadenopathy after 2 months of radiation.

Stage indications:

Stage 1: Net radiation therapy

Stage 2: Radiation therapy combined with chemicals >

Stage 4: Systemic chemicals.

The next year. From 5 years onwards regularly 1 year. Tracking includes:

Examination of recurrence assessment, metastatic lymphadenopathy, Detection of late complications due to radiation therapy. Old neck

CT scan of Eye Skull 6 months/time

Small needle cell suction if there is a suspected metastatic neck lymphadenopathy

X -ray, ultrasound The abdominal cavity detects the metastases far away.

See also:

Is the throat cancer contagious?

How to detect throat cancer

Nostatical cancer and the benefits of endoscopy

Distinguish throat and sore throat cancer

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