Trauma

Trauma's disease overview

Traumatic brain injury often occurs due to a strong shot or hit the head or body. An object penetrating brain tissue as a bullet or fragment of the skull can also cause a traumatic brain injury.

Mild brain injury may temporarily affect the patient's brain cells, but when the traumatic brain injury can lead to bruising, tissue, bleeding and physical lesions Other for the brain. From these lesions can lead to long -term complications or even death.

Causes of Trauma's disease

Traumatic brain injury is often caused by a shot or other types of injuries in the head or body. The level of injury may depend on a number of factors, including the nature of the type of injury and impact force.

The common causes of traumatic brain injury include:

  • Self. Falling from bed or escalating, when going down the stairs, in the bathtub ... is the most common cause of traumatic brain injury in general, especially in the elderly and young children.
  • Traffic accident. Collisions related to cars, motorcycles or bicycles and pedestrians are common causes of brain injury.
  • Violence. Wounds caused by guns, domestic violence, child abuse and other attacks are common causes in this group. Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is a traumatic brain injury in newborns because adults shake the child very strongly.
  • Sports injuries. Trauma trauma can be caused by injuries from some sports such as football, boxing, football, baseball, skateboarding, hockey and other strong or other resistant actions. This is especially popular in adolescence leading to traumatic brain injury.
  • The explosion and other combat injuries. The explosion is a common cause of traumatic brain injury in active military staff. Although the damage has not been understood, many researchers believe that the pressure wave passes through the brain significantly interrupts the brain function.
  • Traumatic brain injury is also the result of penetrating wounds, strong shots on the head with a piece of bullets or debris, and falling or colliding with the following objects. explosion.
  • Symptoms of Trauma's disease

    Traumatic brain injury may have a vast physical and psychological effect. Some signs may appear immediately after injury, while other signs may appear a few days or weeks later.

    Symptoms Mild brain injury

    Signs and symptoms of mild brain injury may include:

  • Losing consciousness in seconds to a few minutes
  • No consciousness, but dizziness, confusion or disorientation
  • Headache
  • nausea or vomiting
  • tired or drowsy
  • Word difficulties
  • Difficult to sleep or sleep more than usual
  • Dizziness or loss of balance
  • Sensory problems, such as blurred vision, tinnitus, feel unpleasant taste in the mouth or change the ability to smell
  • Sensitive to light or sound

  • Change mood
  • Feeling depressed or worried
  • Symptoms of traumatic brain injury from average to severe

    severe brain injury and average may include any signs and symptoms of minor injury. These symptoms can appear in the first few hours to a few days after the first injury:

  • Loss of consciousness from a few minutes to a few hours
  • Persistent headache

  • Many times vomiting or nausea
  • Convulsions
  • Transparent liquid flows from the nose or ear
  • Do not wake up by sleep
  • Weakness or numbness in the fingers and toes
  • Inability to coordinate limbs
  • Confused
  • excited, want to fight or other abnormal behaviors
  • stutter
  • coma and other conscious disorders
  • Symptoms of traumatic brain injury in children

    infants and young children with brain injury may not be able to communicate with their heads, there is a sensory and confusing problem. In a child with a traumatic brain injury, parents can observe by the following way:

  • Change of eating habits
  • Unusual discomfort

  • Persistent crying and unable to coax children to stop crying
  • Change the ability to pay attention
  • Change of sleep habits
  • epilepsy

  • Sad mood or disappointment
  • Sleepy

  • Do not like playing with toys or favorite activities previously
  • People at risk for Trauma's disease

    People with the highest risk of traumatic brain injury include:

  • Children, especially newborns to 4 years of age
  • Youth, especially those aged 15 to 24 years old

  • Adults aged 60 and over
  • Men of all ages

    Prevention of Trauma's disease

  • Safe belt and equipped with airbags. Always wear seat belts in the car. If there are young children in the car, the child is always in the back seat of the car and ensuring that the child is sitting in a chair for children or a lift seat suitable for the size and weight of the child.
  • Do not use alcohol and drugs when driving.
  • No driving when affected by the drug, including prescription drugs can reduce the ability to drive.
  • Wear a helmet when riding a bicycle, skateboard, motorbike, slyer or terrain. In addition, when participating in sports, you should also wear head and parts of the body such as playing baseball, skiing, skating, skiing, skiing or horse riding.
  • Preventing falls, the following tips can help the elderly avoid falling such as:

  • Installation of handrails in the bathroom
  • Place the waterproof carpet in the bath or under the shower
  • Installation of handrails on both sides of the stairs
  • Guarantee indoor light
  • Keep the stairs and floors not messy or there are easy -to -slip objects
  • Regular vision test
  • Exercise regularly
  • Preventing head injury in children, the following tips can help children avoid head injuries:

  • Install a safe port at the top of the stairs, avoid children running/crawling on the stairs
  • Clean the stairs, avoid there which are easy to slip
  • There is a protective plate in the window to prevent falls
  • Place the waterproof carpet in the bath or under the shower
  • Do not let children play alone on the balcony without adults
  • Diagnostic measures for Trauma's disease

    Traumatic trauma is usually an emergency case and the consequences can deteriorate very quickly if not detected and treated promptly. Doctors often need to quickly evaluate the symptoms of the patient's brain injury by the following way:

    Glasgow coma:

    Glasgow coma (Glasgow coma scale/GCS) was originally used to describe the level of consciousness in patients with brain damage due to trauma. Glasgow coma (GCS Score) is determined by the total number of points of the above 3 criteria, the highest score is 15 and the lowest point is 3, as follows: GCS Score = eye opening point + The best response point + Best movement response points

    Information on trauma and symptoms

    In case the witness is seen that the patient is injured, the witness can provide health workers with very useful information in assessing the status of the person. injured. The following questions may be beneficial in assessing the severity of injury:

  • Causes of trauma occurs?
  • After being injured, the patient has lost consciousness?
  • How long does the patient unconscious?
  • Have you observed any other changes in alertness, saying, coordination of limbs or other signs of the product?

  • head or other parts of the body are beaten or not and where can be?
  • You can provide any information about the force of the cause of injury? For example, what has hit the patient's head, how far the patient falls away or the patient is thrown or splashed from the car?
  • Diagnostic image diagnosis
  • Computerized tomography (CT). This technique is usually done in the emergency room when suspected of a traumatic brain injury. CT scan uses a range of X -rays to create a detailed view of the brain. CT scan can quickly recreate the image of a fracture and detect evidence of bleeding in the brain, hematoma, bruising tissue and brain tissue swelling.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI uses strong radio and magnets to create a detailed image of the brain. This technique can be used after the person's condition is stable or if the symptoms do not improve immediately after injury.
  • Monitoring the intracranial pressure
  • Trauma's disease treatments

    Principle Traumatic Traumatic Trauma is based on the severity of injury.

    Treatment of mild brain injury
  • Mild brain injury often does not need treatment in addition to rest and pain relief with non -prescribing drugs to treat headaches. However, a mild brain injury often needs to be closely monitored at home to detect any persistent, worse or new symptoms. The doctor will also appointment for patients.
  • Doctors determine whether people with traumatic brain injury are suitable for returning to work, school, and entertainment activities that are suitable for patients. It is best that patients need to limit physical activities or thoughts that make the condition worse. Most cases will return to normal.
  • Treatment of traumatic brain injury from average to severe

    Positive care and treatment for patients with medium to severe traumatic traumatic trauma, focusing on ensuring supply For patients with sufficient oxygen and ensure the amount of brain irrigation, maintain blood pressure and prevent any additional damage at the head or neck.

    Severe injuries may also have other injuries that need to be treated simultaneously. Additional treatments at the emergency room or special care room of the hospital will focus on reducing symptoms caused by inflammation, bleeding or reducing the amount of oxygen supplied to the brain, including medication or medication or medical treatment. surgery.

    Emergency surgery may be necessary to minimize brain tissue damage. Surgery can be indicated to solve the following problems:

  • Lumping blood removal.
  • Repair of broken skull, broken.
  • Bleeding inside the brain.
  • Brain pressure supervisor
  • Rehabilitation

    Most people who have brain injuries will be trained to restore function. Patients may need to re -learn basic skills such as walking or talking to improve their basic abilities and perform daily activities.

    Physiotherapy usually starts at the Functional Rehabilitation Department at the hospital. The content of the exercise and recovery time is different for each patient, depending on the severity of the brain injury and which part of the brain is damaged.

    See also:

  • Traumatic brain injury: How to identify and treat? Treatment
  • Methods of treating jaw fractures Strong>
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