Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis's disease overview

tuberculosis is a disease caused by tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the leading causes of death in the world, especially common in developing countries.

tuberculosis bacilli often penetrates through the airways through saliva drops and causes tuberculosis to account for 90% of the total tuberculosis. They can penetrate the gastrointestinal tract, causing stomach tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis, ... When tuberculosis bacilli enters other parts of the body, it will cause the disease there is called tuberculosis in the lungs. And one of the common types of tuberculosis in tuberculosis is tuberculosis, tuberculosis

tuberculosis, joint tuberculosis is a systemic disease that manifests localities in bone and joints. Is classified as secondary tuberculosis because of the tuberculosis bacillus from the lungs or lymphadenopathy ... into the blood and bacilli to the bones, when proliferation, they form a central necrotic tubers surrounded by epithelial cells , single nuclei cells, giant cells.

When osteoarthritis is the most commonly affected spine, followed by knees and hips. TB bones are common in porous bones such as vertebrae, bones of the feet, hands. And the common tuberculosis in the hip joint, the wrist joint, the knee joint. However, other areas such as the same bone and pelvic joints, pelvis, ribs, long bones, collarbone, breastbone and epidemic bags, small bones of hands, feet, ... any bone of The body can also be infected with tuberculosis.

Muscle tuberculosis usually appears after a preliminary tuberculosis for 2 to 3 years, or foresee the internal organs and see after the tuberculosis.

Causes of Tuberculosis's disease

The cause of muscle tuberculosis is due to tuberculosis bacilli entering the body in the airways through saliva drops, the position of tuberculosis in the lungs causing tuberculosis from the drive Tien Phat spreads to the lymph nodes in the navel of the lung area related, tuberculosis infection through blood into the bones. Local bacillus in the porous bone where there is a lot of cell marrow and endothelial retinal cells, from which spread into the joints causing joints. Therefore, the joints are secondary tuberculosis compared to tuberculosis. Musculosa is often very rare but due to the consequences of AIDS, in recent decades, the rate of tuberculosis has increased in developing countries.

Symptoms of Tuberculosis's disease

Osteoarthritis is difficult to diagnose in the early stages and the disease does not cause pain, without any symptoms until the disease has developed in the late stage.Clinical symptoms

The whole body: showing toxicity of tuberculosis, the body causes weak shot, fever in the afternoon, sweating stealing, poor sleep, eating poorly, leading to fatigue, weight loss. The disease started silently, the progression of the disease depends on the toxicity of tuberculosis with the resistance of the patient. The development of the patient progresses for a long time, most of the case of tuberculosis in one joint and is always related to trauma with a history of living with the person with tuberculosis.

on the spot:

Pain: Dull pain all day, increased pain at night, pain when moving joints, sometimes the patient mistakenly is pain due to rheumatism only when XQ is discovered. P>

Limiting joint movement, swelling joints, increasing temperatures at the bacillus shelter, stiffness

Cold pus formation

swollen lymph nodes around the joints or root

muscle atrophy

Symptoms Alexandre Drova positive, when the skin is not separated from the skin, it is fat on the skin because of the swelling of the fibrous foundation

The formation of peas or the form of inflammation of the secretion has a destruction of cold pus, in the joints tend to form pus bags, when the pus breaks out of the nest. The residue and the pieces of dead bones, long tuberculosis and often have superinfection. Acute onset causes high fever, very painful movement, arthritis, lymphadenopathy.

Morphology of granular inflammation or epidemic inflammation, discreet output, mild joint pain and often spilly with medium and common muscle atrophy In young children.

Clinical symptoms: Blood testing:

Increased polygon leukemia

Blood sedimentation speed: rapid increase is only a valuable result for prognosis. VS increases rapidly indicating the body has good self -defense reactions and vice versa.

mantoux:

If negative, eliminate tuberculosis.

If positive, there is no decisive value, only proving that the patient has had a period of tuberculosis infection.

Causing tuberculosis for mice testing: Using mice without natural immunity with tuberculosis, taking pus injected with peritoneal. After 5-6 weeks, the results of tuberculosis.

Biopsy:

See typical tuberculosis lesions.

tubecculin: reaction with tubecculin depending on the allergic reaction and inflammatory reaction to the antigen.

Bacterial transplant: Inflammatory epidemic bars may be the result of nonspecific inflammatory reactions, so the implant results are negative.

Symptom Symptoms X-Ray:

Stage onset:

Bone is the first sign, vascular impulse causes loss of lime, loss of heavy lime easily confused with bone pepper.

Narrow joints due to muscle contraction, or joint cartilage with interrupted joints by particle organizations.

In children, the cartilage is combined with the "old" bone.

The full phase:

Cartilage.

There is a bone bone defect near the joint, or break into the joint.

Bone deformation.

There is no bone fostering.

Stable phase:

Leave an joint image.

Of course or only mild pain.

Health recovery.

Transmission route of Tuberculosis's diseaseTuberculosis

TB bacillus often penetrates into the body according to the respiratory tract, with drops like saliva. In addition, they also penetrate through the gastrointestinal tract for example through fresh cow's milk. Therefore, musculoskeletal tuberculosis is very contagious

People at risk for Tuberculosis's disease

Osteoarthritis can be seen at any age. Bone muscle tuberculosis is a disease that is considered as one of the dangerous types of tuberculosis, causing very high death because the age of infection is usually 16 to 45 years old. Therefore, if not detected early and active treatment will cause a great influence in life, devastating severe osteoarthritis.

Children who have not been vaccinated with BCG vaccine are also one of the objects susceptible to osteoarthritis.

Those who come into contact with the special source of the main source of infection, danger, constant contact, have been treating tuberculosis, tuberculosis or another tuberculosis.

Objects may suffer from a number of body diseases such as stomach - duodenal ulcer, diabetes or 2/3 of the stomach. When the body has immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS infection, malnutrition, severe exhaustion.

Prevention of Tuberculosis's disease

The most important prevention of osteoarthritis is the BCG vaccine (Bacillus calmette Guerin) Calmette and Guerin have cultivated cow bacilli many times on the environment of cow, causing this bacteria to lose the ability to cause disease. , but still alive and good immunity.

BCG vaccine is a toxic reduction vaccine, produced from pathogenic microorganisms or microorganisms similar to pathogenic microorganisms, which have been reduced toxicity no longer able to cause disease. This vaccine stimulates the body's immune response almost as responding to natural infections. Age of vaccination is an infant or at any time later.

Immunization is injected in normal skin on the left arm and required to leave scars.

Do not vaccinated for people with immunodeficiency, those who are taking immunity drugs or those with malignant diseases, not vaccinated for pregnant women

Currently, the whole world uses this vaccine, used for children in the expanded immunization program. For adults and adults only use this vaccine when mantoux is negative.

Diagnostic measures for Tuberculosis's disease

Because tuberculosis bacilli has many diagonal antigens with other mycobacteriums, people do not diagnose tuberculosis serum. But recently, the A60 antigen of M.bovis has been used in Elisa technique to detect antibodies, diagnosis of microorganisms causing tuberculosis by dyeing, culture and PCR.

Dye directly to the product: Ziehl-Neelsen is a specific culture method. If you see some bacilli catch red and slender, often standing in the bk is a positive BK. This result only said that mycobacterium in the specimen but not sure to have tuberculosis bacilli. In fact, based on the number of bacilli on the village, along with the clinical signs of X-QUY, it is possible to confirm the diagnosis.

Culture: The product is treated and cultured on Sauon or Loeweinstein environment or both, giving more accurate but very slow results, now people are researching to create a new environment where bacilli TB grows faster.

Mouse injection: This is a measure that is currently less used because of low sensitivity.

PCR technique is also known as gene chain diffusion technique. Quick diagnostic results about 48 hours and accurate, very good for the diagnosis of tuberculosis outside the lungs.

Tuberculosis's disease treatments

rest, eat well, vitamins, cool places of light, clean.

Using antibiotics: Because tuberculosis is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, people often treat antibiotics and chemotherapy. In the 80s of the 20th century, WHO launched a short -term treatment regimen with supervision, referred to as Dots, combined with 5 drugs according to the 2SHRZ/6HE formula with new tuberculosis.

Motivation of the physical expenditure: relieve pain, reduce muscle contraction, deform prevention, help the drive quickly

Surgery: When it is clear, it is usually in the full stage.

Osteoarthritis, remove all the pulp, stiffness.

The period of latex must cut off the pus at the joints. Use specific antibiotics, and coordinate in place in place of functional posture.

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