Ureteral stones

Ureteral stones's disease overview

What is

What is ureter?

The ureter is a pipe about 25cm long, which leads to the urine from the kidneys to the bladder, the more the narrower is at the end of the ureter. Uractic stones are the stones that often move from the kidneys to the ureter, the most dangerous form of diseases of urinary stones . The stones are in the ureter and interfere with the urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Due to this congestion, the kidneys are stagnant urine and cause complications.

Pebbles can be encountered in any segment of the ureter but the most common is 3 physiological narrow positions of the ureter:

  • The kidney connection to the ureter
  • The ureter connection to the bladder
  • The ureter is located in front of the pelvic artery.

    • The number is usually 1 tablet, sometimes many tablets or a chain of stones. The ureter has often thick inflammatory stones, the upper ureter is large, the lower ureter is small, narrowed ....

    When new stones are formed, stones are not symptomatic and complications, this period usually lasts about 2 years. In this stage, there are no faint symptoms or symptoms, patients often do not notice. If detected and treated with medical treatment, up to 80%.

    Causes of Ureteral stones's disease

    Causes of ureteral stones include:

  • Kidney stones: Effective urole stones n due to kidney stones falling is the most common cause of about 80% of cases
  • Consequences of other diseases such as gout, thyroid disease, tuberculosis, syphilis
  • Ureteric damage caused by other procedures and surgery.
  • congenital ureteral deformities: Some ureteral deformities such as enlarged ureter, half -split ureter, posterior venous ureter ... are easy factors that make it easy to make For urine stagnation leads to the deposition of crystals to gather into stones

    • Hyper calcium: Calcium increases, causing calciumuria also increases

    U at the parathyroid gland disrupts calcium metabolism or may be due to chronic inflammation ...

  • Urine is saturated with calcium salts: The urine is too saturated with calcium salts due to increased calcium absorption in the intestine or increasing the reabsorption of calcium in the renal tubules. Urine tests will see very high calcium urinary.
  • Decreased urinary citrate: Citrate urinating inhibits crystallization of calcium salts. When acidosis, urinary tract infections, hypokalemia, citrate urine often decreases, then urine will saturated with calcium salt to create crystallized into ureteral stones .
  • Urine is too saturated in oxalate: Foods high in oxalate or in the case of Vitamin C poisoning will lead to this condition. In people with bowel infections, partially cut off the small intestine, people with metabolic enzyme disorders in the liver are also common to see oxalate oxalate and prone to oxalate stones.
  • Diet: The habit of drinking less water plus the hot living environment is also a risk of ureter, supplementing with excess vitamin C ...

    • Symptoms of Ureteral stones's disease

    Symptoms of ureteral stones include:

  • Pain: is the most prominent sign of ureteral stones.

    • When the stones fall from the kidneys to the ureter causing kidney pain with the manifestation of: sudden pain appears, severe severity of each attack, pain from the lumbar area spread to the area Ring and genitals without pain.

  • urination, painful urination, urination: patients may feel painful, urinating.

    • Music urine, pus is a sign of the opposite kidney infection, so be careful when the fever is trembling. This case seriously threatens the kidney function, at risk of infection and shock.

  • Small blood can be detected through urine sedimentation or urine can be detected with the naked eye as a meat wash.

  • Small stones are rarely encountered but have a diagnostic value.

    • In addition to pain, patients may have fever, tremor, nausea and vomiting, abdominal disturbance, central bowel movement

    ureteral stones can progress if not treated early, causing complications such as:

  • water retention in the kidneys causes dilatation of pyelonephrosis: due to stones blocking the urine passing through, the urine does not fall down the bladder to excrete out causing water stasis in the kidneys, relaxing tank stations Kidney affect kidney function.
  • Urinary tract infections: When the gravel moves, damage the ureter mucosa to create favorable conditions for bacteria to grow, causing inflammation with high fever, lumbar pits Painful.

    • Acute renal failure: occurs when the stones are completely blocked by ureter, causing symptoms of anuria.

    Chronic renal failure: When the urinary tract inflammation occurs prolonged, causing chronic kidney failure, the kidney cells are not recovered.

    People at risk for Ureteral stones's disease

    There are many factors that increase the risk of ureteral stones , such as:

  • Family or personal history: If someone in your family has kidney stones, you are more likely to have kidney stones.
  • Do not drink enough water per day may increase the risk of kidney stones. People living in a warm climate and sweaty people may be at higher risk than others
  • Diet: Sodium -rich diet will increase the amount of calcium in the urine and significantly increase the risk of kidney stones
    • Obesity: Large waist size and weight gain can increase the risk of kidney stones

    Prevention of Ureteral stones's disease

    You will be able to control this disease if you apply the following measures:

  • Drink water regularly. For people with a history of kidney stones, doctors often recommend that you release about 2.6 liters (2.5 liters) of urine a day. If the urine is pale yellow, it proves that you have drunk enough water
  • Limit eating foods high in calcium oxalates such as milk, cheese, solid tea, radish, okra

    • Restricting salt and animal protein: Reducing the amount of salt and selection of plant protein sources such as beans, mushrooms ...

  • Be careful with calcium supplementation: Calcium in food does not affect the risk of kidney stones, so you continue to eat calcium -rich foods unless encouragement Fox should not. Ask your doctor before taking calcium supplements, as they may increase the risk of kidney stones.

    • Diagnostic measures for Ureteral stones's disease

    Imaging diagnostic

  • Non -prepared X -rays: The diagnosis is mainly based on X -ray but also has many difficulties because it is often small stones, poor contrast, easily obscured by bones On the path of the ureter. On the other hand, there are many types of contrast, such as bone glossy, spine

    • UIV intravenous kidney scan: Nephrology in ureteral stones for 3 purposes:

  • Confirm the diagnosis if there is a doubt in the normal film.
  • Evaluation of the effects of stones on the lines and renal parenchyma.

    • This effect is not commensurate with the size of the gravel, but depends on the level of clogging caused by that stone.

    blocked and infections will lead to urinary stasis, pasteurized kidneys or reverse nephritis, gradually causing renal tissue degradation, eventually kidney function will be completely lost.

  • Find the cause of stones on the urinary tract.

    • stones may be primary or secondary due to birth defects in the urinary tract. To determine this is needed to take nephropathy.

  • Ureteralgia (UPR)
  • Computerized tomography (CT-Scan)

    • Identify lesions like regular kidneys, UIV but at more accurate levels

    Also assess the condition of renal parenchyma, dilate the renal pyelage.

    Determined ultrasound

    ultrasound:

  • Pictures and size of sound and stones on the kidneys and ureter.

    • The size of the kidney.

  • The dilatation of the renal pelvis.
  • Thin thickness of renal parenchyma
    • blood and urine tests
  • Blood test. This process indicates whether there is too much calcium or uric acid in the blood. Blood test results will help doctors monitor kidney function, assess the accompanying infection and check other diseases if any.
  • Urine tests

    • Ureteral stones's disease treatments

    For the purpose of treating ureteral stones effectively and thoroughly, it is necessary to accurately determine the type of stones and the size of the stones.

  • Medical treatment may be considered with cases of small size stones <5mm, not causing complications.
  • Painkillers: acetaminophen, ibuprofen ...
  • In addition, patients should apply the above preventive measures
  • Treatment of intervention

    • Modern medicine has made great progress, open surgery with many risks is less and less applicable. Instead, new techniques, safer, less invasive such as:

  • Standard pcnl lithotripsy
  • Minimum skin lithotripsy (mini pcnl)

    • ureteroscopy (ureteroscopy)

  • ESWL (ESWL).

    • However, for large stones that cause ureteral renal pelvis and are not qualified to do minimally invasive measures, the doctor will conduct surgery to get stones . See also:

  • Can ureteral stones recur? Li>
  • Endoscopic surgery to release painful ureteral stones for patients with pearl island >

    • Disclaimer

    Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Drugslib.com is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Drugslib.com information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Drugslib.com does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Drugslib.com's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Drugslib.com's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners.

    The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugslib.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Drugslib.com provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

    Popular Keywords