XYY syndrome

XYY syndrome's disease overview

XYY syndrome , also known as super men's syndrome, affects men. In normal people, men have a X chromosome and a Y chromosome, but when they have XYY syndrome, this person has an additional Y chromosome. 

XYY syndrome is caused by rare chromosomal disorders at birth. The rate of babies born with this syndrome is only 1/1000 living, and only affects men. People with superstasy syndrome often have negligible signs or symptoms.  

Symptoms of XYY syndrome may include such as praying slowly, learning defects, lower muscle tones and higher than normal.

Causes of XYY syndrome's disease

The cause of XYY syndrome is chromosomal disorders. XYY syndrome is a product of genetic changes related to chromosomal structure. Normally humans have a total of 46 chromosomes held in pairs, that is, there are 23 pairs. Of these 23 pairs there is a pair of biological gender of individuals.

In female sex chromosomes made up of two X chromosomes are XX. Meanwhile, the sex chromosome pair distinguishes male embryos formed by a X chromosome and a Y chromosome is XY.

Due to the chromosomal division during development before birth, it leads to a failure in the chromosome organization. Therefore, there is an additional presence of sex chromosomes. In this case, XYY syndrome is a change in chromosomes that affect the number of chromosomes, due to an additional Y.

chromosome

As a result, XYY syndrome has a total of 47 chromosomes instead of 46 as usual.

Although this will affect body cells, many people with XYY syndrome only shows one of these genetic abnormalities, which is called mosaic disease. However, at a specific level, not all separate genes may be related to this pathology. 

Symptoms of XYY syndrome's disease

Symptoms in people with Xyy syndrome include:

Physical development

The XYY syndrome has the basic characteristic of physical development, it is exaggerated or emphasized more than the expectation of gender, the biological age of the affected children. Right from a young age, XYY syndrome had a significant increase in growth and physical development. Leading to the height of adulthood is about 7cm higher than the average level of people, these people can exceed 180cm. 

In addition, physical development usually consists of other types of characteristics such as macroccephaly is determined by an abnormal increase or exaggeration of the total size of the head. People with XYY syndrome often have a larger circumference than normal people. Although macreccephaly often does not cause significant medical complications. However, it can affect the development of seizures, cortical dysfunction or development disorders.

Bone muscle disorders

People with XYY syndrome have abnormalities related to bone structure, which are mainly related to physical growth. One of them is muscle hypotension, determined by the presence of an abnormal reduced muscle. This causes other types of complications such as unable to coordinate muscle and exercise, poor head control or limbs.

Neurological changes

In addition to the above symptoms, people with XYY syndrome may have other types of changes that appear related to the nerve field and the presence of diseases related to the nervous system. Expression of trembling is the presence of a non -voluntary movement of muscles, affecting the hands and arms. Sometimes it is also likely to affect the head or voice. In many cases affected by XYY syndrome, there are manifestations of sudden movements in specific muscle groups. The typical example is the blink of an eye, facial expression, or abnormal movement of the leg or arm.

Although this clinical manifestation is not too serious, it can cause related secondary complications such as: acquisition of motor skills or the implementation of activities of daily life. .

The delay of psychological development

The movement development of affected individuals is often missing from the first stage of life. Therefore, movement changes such as muscle hypotension or the presence of tremor, is a significant cause of the reception of different basic skills. For example, the ability to apply postures, walking ability ...

Learning issues

Another feature in people with Xyy syndrome is a sign of learning related to learning. At the level of awareness, unusual language is related to language. Children with XYY syndrome are often slow to speak and have difficulty achieving communication skills and language proficiency. More than 50% of affected people have learning disorders. One of the most common diseases is difficult to read.

Change emotions and behaviors

People with XYY syndrome often have explosive temperament, impulsive and challenging behavior, hyperactivity and social opposition. 

Genital dysfunction

Some children with XYY syndrome may have testicular impairment, leading to fertility, reduced genital gland function or low amount of testosterone hormone. These children often puberty late or without puberty, mammary disorders or breast cells. By adulthood will reduce libido, the number of sperm decreases, even infertility. However, this case is very rare, most people with XYY syndrome still have normal fertility.

In some patients may experience other signs and symptoms, but due to its popularity, it is not mentioned. Therefore, it is necessary to notify the doctor when there is an unusual expression for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

Transmission route of XYY syndrome's diseaseXYY syndrome

Non -genetic xyy syndrome is often caused by random during the formation of sperm cells before conception, when sperm fertilized to the egg. 

People with this syndrome are not genetic, nor due to the relevant genetic nature. So if a man with Xyy syndrome does not mean he will pass on to the children.

Synthetic Synthetic Syndrome also cannot be transmitted from a healthy person.

People at risk for XYY syndrome's disease

With the essence not genetically from parents, so all male children are at risk of XYY syndrome

Prevention of XYY syndrome's disease

To prevent fetal contraception with XYY syndrome, women need to give birth in a 20-35-year-old childbirth age. Do not give birth after 35 years old, and need prenatal screening to take timely support measures when the fetus is infected.

Diagnostic measures for XYY syndrome's disease

Symptoms of XYY syndrome are often unclear, so they are often overlooked during the diagnosis. Signs and symptoms are commonly visible at a small stage, through learning, slow speaking, and cognitive issues. However, in some clinical status people with no symptoms, so the diagnosis is never done.

Normally, the diagnosis is often determined through entity signs such as excessive growth, acquisition of motor skills, poor communication skills, ... then need to be done with some tests for tests Determine exactly:

Hormonal test: Check the sex hormone associated with globulin to check the amount of testosterone in the body or check the overall testosterone quantity by analyzing blood samples or urine. If the amount of testosterone is too low, there is a health problem.

Chromosomal analysis:

  • Karyotype: The test is used to check all chromosomes in a cell.

    • Chromosomal list: a test of excess chromosomes or chromosomes.

    Some cases suspected of having XYY syndrome based on regular screening tests can be confirmed by prenatal tests such as amniotic fluid teasing or gain samples The cushion (CVS)

    XYY syndrome's disease treatments

    XYY syndrome has not been treated so far. However, to reduce the symptoms and impacts of this syndrome, there are some therapies such as:

  • Testosterone replacement therapy
  • Occupational therapy will be recommended for boys who have a weak force.

    • Language therapy is recommended for children who are slow to speak, slow pronunciation. Boys with XYY syndrome may have to study in special schools to have more help in the classroom.

  • behavioral therapy or medication for children with attention hyperactivity disorder or behavioral problems such as violence, hot -tempered ... So need to create lips Friendly school.

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