Diabetes in Men
Type 2 diabetes, once called non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes, affecting 90% to 95% of the 13 million men with diabetes.
The rates of diabetes have dramatically risen in all states. One of the biggest jumps was among men.
The risk for type 2 diabetes usually goes up with age. The American Diabetes Association recommends that people who don’t have other risk factors for the condition should start getting tested after age 45.
Unlike people with type 1 diabetes, people with type 2 diabetes make insulin. But it’s not enough, or their body doesn’t recognize the insulin and use it the way it should. This is called insulin resistance.
When there isn't enough insulin or the insulin is not used as it should be, sugar (glucose) can't get into your cells to be used for fuel. Sugar builds up in the blood, and your cells don’t work the way they should. Other problems linked with the buildup of sugar in the blood include:
Who Gets Type 2 Diabetes?
Anyone can get type 2 diabetes. But the risk is highest in people who:
In addition, older people are more likely to get the disease because aging makes the body less tolerant of sugars.
What Causes Type 2 Diabetes?
Although it is more common than type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes is less well understood. It is probably caused by several things and not a single problem.
Type 2 diabetes can run in families, but the exact nature of how it's inherited or the identity of a single reason for it in your genes is not known.
What Are the Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes?
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes vary from person to person but may include:
Rarely, a person may be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after showing signs of it in a hospital while in a diabetic coma.
How Is Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed?
If your health care provider suspects type 2 diabetes, they will first check for signs of it in your blood (high blood sugar levels). In addition, they may look for sugar or ketone bodies in your urine.
Tests used to diagnose type 2 diabetes include a fasting plasma glucose test and a casual plasma glucose test.
Complications of Type 2 Diabetes
If your type 2 diabetes isn't controlled well, you could get serious or life-threatening complications, including:
What Can I Do to Prevent Diabetes?
Plenty. Studies show that 90% of cases of type 2 diabetes could be prevented -- or significantly delayed -- simply through a healthier diet and enough physical activity. The big proof of that came in a study of 3,234 people who were overweight and had higher blood glucose levels, putting them in the crosshairs of diabetes risk.
Those who followed a program of exercise and diet geared to losing excess weight -- in this case, an average of 15 pounds -- lowered their risk of diabetes by 58%. Those in the 60-and-older set cut their risk by 71%. And these were people who already had a high risk of diabetes. Keep your weight in the normal range and stay active, experts say, and you stand an excellent chance of never getting diabetes.
How Is Diabetes Treated?
A diabetes diagnosis isn't the end of the world. In some cases, lifestyle changes can keep the disease entirely under control. Still, many people with diabetes need to take oral or injectable medications that lower blood sugar levels.
When these aren't enough to do the job, insulin (which is inhaled and/or injected) may be necessary, sometimes along with oral drugs. Several new drugs that work with insulin to improve blood sugar management have been approved by the FDA.
While treatment has improved, controlling diabetes remains a challenge, which is why experts focus on prevention.
What Else Do I Need to Know About Diabetes?
Experts say that a healthy diet designed to prevent type 2 diabetes includes whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and avoids sugar and refined carbohydrates.
Studies suggest that alcohol may actually protect against diabetes. Combining data from 15 studies, researchers found that moderate alcohol consumption reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by almost 30%. But excessive drinking increased the risk. Here, as always, the word is moderation, such as one drink daily.
Posted : 2023-12-07 16:07
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